4.1.8: Vaccinations Flashcards
1
Q
What is a vaccination?
A
A way of stimulating an immune response so that immunity is achieved.
2
Q
How do vaccinations cause long-term immunity?
A
- Antigenic material injected
- Immune system treats antigenic material as a real disease.
- Immune system activated.
- Memory cells provide long-term immunity.
3
Q
What does the antigen
A
- Whole microorganisms.
- Attenuated version of the pathogenic organism.
- Dead pathogen
- Preparations of the antigens from a pathogen.
- A toxoid, with is a harmless version of a toxin.
4
Q
What is herd vaccination?
A
- Using a vaccine to provide immunity to all or almost all of the population at risk.
- Once enough people are immune, the disease can no longer be spread through the population.
5
Q
What is ring vaccination?
A
- Used when a new case of a disease is reported,
- Involves vaccinating all of the people in the immediate vicinity of the new case.
- Used often to control the spread of livestock disease.
6
Q
Natural active immunity:
A
- Immunity provided by antibodies made in the immune system, as a result of an infection.
- The person suffers from the disease once and is then immune.
7
Q
Natural passive immunity:
A
- Antibodies provided via the placenta or breast milk.
- Makes the baby immune to diseases to which the mother is immune.
8
Q
Artificial active immunity:
A
-Immunity provided by antibodies made in the immune system, as a result of vaccination.
9
Q
Artificial passive immunity:
A
-Immunity provided by injection of antibodies made by another individual.
