4.1.8: Vaccination

Question 1

define active immunity

Answer 1

the immune system is activated and produces its own antibodies

Question 2

define artificial immunity

Answer 2

immunity that is achieved as result of medical intervention

Question 3

what is natural immunity?

Answer 3

immunity achieved by normal life processes

Question 4

what is passive immunity?

Answer 4

immunity achieved when antibodies are passed to an individual via breastfeeding or injection

Question 5

How does vaccination work to provide immunity?

Answer 5

it holds antigenic material that exposes an individual to the antigen so that their body will produce the corresponding antibodies and memory cells

Question 6

what kinds of antigenic material is used in vaccines?

Answer 6

live harmless microorganisms with similar antigens as pathogen, a harmless/weaker version of the pathogen, a dead pathogen

Question 7

what is herd vaccination?

Answer 7

the process of using a vaccine to provide immunity to all or almost all of the population at risk.

Question 8

what is ring vaccination?

Answer 8

it is used when a new case of disease is reported and involves vaccinating those who are immediate targets of the disease