4.1.5 Vocab Enrichment

Question 1

Translate to Spanish:

a fraud / a scam

e.g. The CEO was arrested for fraud

Answer 1

un fraude / una estafa / un timo

ej. El director general de la compañía fue arrestado por fraude

Question 2

Translate to Spanish:

a fraud / an impostor / a fake

e.g. He’s an impostor. John isn’t even his real name

Answer 2

un farsante / un impostor

ej. Es un impostor. John ni siquiera es su nombre

Question 3

Translate to Spanish:

a con man

e.g. A con man tricked us into investing in a fake venture

Answer 3

un estafador / un timador

ej. Un estafador nos convenció de invertir en una empresa falsa

Question 4

Translate to Spanish:

harsh / severe / brutal

e.g. harsh criticism, severe weather, etc.

Answer 4

duro / severo / brutal

ej. la crítica dura, el clima severo, etc.

Question 5

Translate to Spanish:

brutality / severity

e.g. the brutality of the accident

Answer 5

la brutalidad / la gravedad

ej. la gravedad del accidente

Question 6

Translate to Spanish:

abrasive / cutting / harsh

e.g. He rubbed me the wrong way because he was so abrasive

Answer 6

áspero / cortante / severo

ej. Él me cayó mal porque fue muy áspero

Question 7

Translate to Spanish:

to intimidate

e.g. She intimidates me. I’m too nervous to talk to her

Answer 7

intimidar

ej. Ella me intimida. Estoy demasiado nervioso para hablar con ella

Question 8

Translate to Spanish:

intimidating / daunting / threatening

e.g. an intimidating person

Answer 8

intimidante / amenazador

ej. una persona intimidante

Question 9

Translate to Spanish:

intimidation

e.g. Intimidation was always a factor when it came to playing against Michael Jordan

Answer 9

la intimidación

ej. La intimidación siempre fue un factor cuando se trataba de jugar contra Michael Jordan

Question 10

Translate to Spanish:

a layer

e.g. The Earth has several layers

Answer 10

una capa

ej. La Tierra tiene muchas capas

Question 11

Translate to Spanish:

the flash

e.g. Can you take a picture of us? Please use the flash

Answer 11

el flash

ej. ¿Puedes tomarnos una foto? Por favor usa el flash

Question 12

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a flash

e.g. Did you see that quick flash of light?

Answer 12

un destello

ej. Viste ese destello fugaz de luz

Question 13

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to flash

e.g. The red light flashed when the emergency bell went off

Answer 13

destellar

ej. La luz roja destelló cuando el timbre de emergencia se disparó

Question 14

Translate to Spanish:

a bulb / a light bulb

e.g. The light in the bathroom isn’t working. I think we need to change the light bulb

Answer 14

un bombillo / una bombilla / un foco

ej. La luz del baño no funciona. Creo que tenemos que cambiar la bombilla

Question 15

Translate to Spanish:

to light / to light up

e.g. Light the candles

Answer 15

encender / iluminar / alumbrar

ej. Enciende las velas

Question 16

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light / faint

e.g. a light color

Answer 16

claro

e.g. un color claro

Question 17

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lightly

e.g. lightly toasted

Answer 17

ligeramente

ej. ligeramente tostado

Question 18

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opaque

e.g. an opaque object

Answer 18

opaco

ej. un objeto opaco

Question 19

Translate to Spanish:

to get dark / to get dark out

e.g. Wait until it gets dark out before we turn on the lights

Answer 19

oscurecer / anochecer

ej. Espera a que oscurezca antes de encender las luces

Question 20

Translate to Spanish:

to get light out / to dawn

e.g. As soon as it gets light out, the rooster crows

Answer 20

amanecer / clarear

ej. En cuanto amanece, el gallo canta

Question 21

Translate to Spanish:

to lighten up / to loosen up / to relax

e.g. They relax drinking laws during Mardis Gras

Answer 21

relajar

ej. Relajan las leyes contra el alcohol durante los Carnavales

Question 22

Translate to Spanish:

a spotlight

e.g. The police used a spotlight to search for the fugitive in the woods at night

Answer 22

un foco / un reflector

ej. La policía usó un reflector para buscar al fugitivo en el bosque de noche

Question 23

Translate to Spanish:

the glow / the shine / the shining

e.g. I can see a yellow glow coming from under the water

Answer 23

el brillo / el resplandor

ej. Puedo ver un resplandor amarillo que viene de abajo del agua

Question 24

Translate to Spanish:

shiny

e.g. shiny shoes

Answer 24

brillante

ej. zapatos brillantes

Question 25

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to shine

e.g. The sun is shining

Answer 25

brillar / resplandecer / relucir

ej. Brilla el sol

Question 26

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linen

i.e. a type of fabric

Answer 26

el lino

i.e. un tipo de tela

Question 27

Translate to Spanish:

linens / bedclothes

e.g. I need to wash the linens before the guests arrive

Answer 27

la ropa de hogar / la ropa blanca / los blancos

ej. Necesito lavar la ropa de hogar antes de que lleguen los invitados

Question 28

Translate to Spanish:

meditation

e.g. Meditation helps me relax

Answer 28

la meditación

ej. La meditación me ayuda a relajarme

Question 29

Translate to Spanish:

to meditate

e.g. I meditate every morning

Answer 29

meditar

ej. Medito todas las mañanas

Question 30

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mold

e.g. There’s mold growing on this bread

Answer 30

el moho

ej. Hay moho creciendo en este pan

Question 31

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a mold

e.g. a jello mold

Answer 31

un molde / un vaciado

ej. un molde de gelatina

Question 32

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moldy

e.g. moldy bread

Answer 32

mohoso

ej. pan mohoso

Question 33

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negotiation

e.g. Is this offer open to negotiation?

Answer 33

la negociación

ej. ¿La oferta está abierta a la negociación?

Question 34

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to negotiate

e.g. He negotiated the sale of his company

Answer 34

negociar

ej. Negoció la venta de su compañía

Question 35

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to haggle / to bargain

e.g. She haggled with the street salesman until they agreed on a price

Answer 35

regatear

ej. Ella regateó con el vendedor en la calle hasta que acordaron un precio

Question 36

Translate to Spanish:

to obey / to comply with

e.g. You should always obey your parents’ rules

Answer 36

obedecer / cumplir con

ej. Siempre debes obedecer las reglas de tus padres

Question 37

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to disobey

e.g. Don’t disobey your teacher

Answer 37

desobedecer

ej. No desobedezcas a tu profesor

Question 38

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obedient / compliant

e.g. an obedient child

Answer 38

obediente

ej. un niño obediente

Question 39

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disobedient / rebellious / defiant

e.g. a disobedient child

Answer 39

desobediente / rebelde / desafiante

ej. un niño desobediente

Question 40

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submissive / meek / compliant

e.g. a submissive dog

Answer 40

sumiso / manso

ej. un perro sumiso

Question 41

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a barge / a flatboat

Answer 41

una barcaza / una gabarra / un lanchón

Question 42

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a raft / an inflatable raft / a dinghy

Answer 42

un bote inflable / una balsa

Question 43

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the hull

e.g. Please go down to the hull of the ship and see if there’s a leak

Answer 43

el casco

ej. Por favor baja al casco del barco para ver si hay una fuga

Question 44

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a pier / a jetty

Answer 44

un malecón / una escollera / un muelle

Question 45

Translate to Spanish:

a dock / a pier

e.g. The boat stopped at the dock and unloaded its cargo

Answer 45

un muelle / un embarcadero

ej. El barco se detuvo en el muelle y descargó su cargamento

Question 46

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an ocean liner / a liner

Answer 46

un barco transatlántico / un transatlántico

Question 47

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nautical / maritime

e.g. nautical charts

Answer 47

naútico / marítimo

ej. cartas naúticas

Question 48

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naval / marine

e.g. a naval base

Answer 48

naval / de marina

ej. una base naval

Question 49

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a paddle / an oar

e.g. This canoe comes with two paddles

Answer 49

un remo

ej. Esta canoa viene con dos remos

Question 50

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to paddle / to row

e.g. We rowed all the way to the end of the lake

Answer 50

remar

ej. Remamos todo el camino hasta el otro lado del lago

Question 51

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a shell / a seashell

e.g. We picked up hundreds of shells on the beach

Answer 51

una concha

ej. Recolectamos cientos de conchas en la playa

Question 52

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the shore / the seashore

e.g. A dead whale was found on the shore

Answer 52

la orilla del mar / la costa

ej. Se encontró una ballena muerta en la costa

Question 53

Translate to Spanish:

seasick

e.g. I feel seasick from all the rocking. I might throw up

Answer 53

mareado

ej. Me siento mareado por el balanceo del barco, puede ser que vomite

Question 54

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seaweed / algae

e.g. The bottom of the boat was covered in seaweed

Answer 54

algas marinas

ej. El fondo del barco estaba cubierto de algas marinas

Question 55

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a submarine

Answer 55

un submarino

Question 56

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the tide

e.g. high tide, low tide

Answer 56

la marea

ej. la marea alta, la marea baja

Question 57

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a yacht / a house boat

Answer 57

un yate / una casa flotante

Question 58

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to shipwreck / to get shipwrecked / to wreck

e.g. We shipwrecked on a desert island

Answer 58

naufragar

ej. Naufragamos en una isla desierta

Question 59

Translate to Spanish:

a shipwreck

e.g. The Titanic was one of the worst shipwrecks in history

Answer 59

un naufragio

ej. El Titanic fue uno de los peores naufragios de la historia

Question 60

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a shipyard

Answer 60

un astillero

Question 61

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a buoy

Answer 61

una boya

Question 62

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coral

e.g. a coral reef

Answer 62

el coral

ej. un arrecife de coral

Question 63

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a stowaway

e.g. There’s a stowaway on our ship!

Answer 63

un polizón

ej. ¡Hay un polizón en el barco!

Question 64

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a fleet

e.g. a naval fleet

Answer 64

una flota

ej. una flota naval

Question 65

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an institute

e.g. a research institute

Answer 65

un instituto

ej. un instituto de investigaciones

Question 66

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an institution

e.g. Marriage is an important institution

Answer 66

una institución

ej. El matrimonio es una institución importante

Question 67

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a nonprofit organization / a Non-Governmental Organization / a nonprofit

Answer 67

una organización No-Gubernamental / una organización sin fines de lucro / una organización sin ánimo de lucro

Question 68

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clutter

e.g. There’s too much clutter around the house

Answer 68

el desorden / el revoltijo

ej. Hay demasiado desorden por toda la casa

Question 69

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a league

e.g. a soccer league

Answer 69

una liga

ej. una liga de fútbol

Question 70

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an agent

e.g. a sales agent

Answer 70

un agente

ej. un agente de ventas

Question 71

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an agency

e.g. an advertizing agency

Answer 71

una agencia

ej. una agencia de publicidad

Question 72

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an entity

e.g. a non-government entity

Answer 72

una entidad

ej. una entidad no gubernamental

Question 73

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partly / partially / in part

e.g. It’s partly your fault

Answer 73

en parte / parcialmente

ej. Es en parte tu culpa

Question 74

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partial

e.g. a partial payment

Answer 74

parcial

ej. un pago parcial

Question 75

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a compartment

e.g. Look in the mechanical compartment under the steering wheel

Answer 75

un compartimento / un compartimiento

ej. Mira en el compartimento mecánico debajo del volante

Question 76

Translate to Spanish:

a sector

e.g. the financial sector

Answer 76

un sector

ej. el sector financiero

Question 77

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a chip / a fragment

e.g. a chip of metal

Answer 77

un fragmento / una viruta / una esquirla

ej. un fragmento de metal

Question 78

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a sheet / a plate

e.g. a sheet of metal

Answer 78

una lámina

ej. una lámina de metal

Question 79

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to pity

e.g. I pity her

Answer 79

compadecer / sentir lástima

ej. La compadezco

Question 80

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merciful / forgiving

e.g. The merciful king spared him the death penalty

Answer 80

misericordioso / indulgente / piadoso

ej. El rey misericordioso le perdonó la pena de muerte

Question 81

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merciless / ruthless / unforgiving

e.g. a ruthless dictator

Answer 81

despiadado / implacable / cruel

ej. un dictador despiadado

Question 82

Translate to Spanish:

out of pity / out of remorse

e.g. He gave her five dollars out of pity

Answer 82

por lástima / por pesar

ej. Él le dio cinco dólares por lástima

Question 83

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pathetic / pitiful

e.g. a pathetic person

Answer 83

patético

ej. una persona patética

Question 84

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sympathetic / compassionate

e.g. The Dalai Lama is a very compassionate person

Answer 84

comprensivo / compasivo

ej. El Dalai Lama es una persona muy compasiva

Question 85

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sympathy / compassion

e.g. She feels compassion for all living things

Answer 85

la compasión / la piedad

ej. Ella siente piedad por todos los seres vivos

Question 86

Translate to Spanish:

empathy

e.g. If you feel empathy, then you can understand how other people feel

Answer 86

la empatía

ej. Si sientes empatía, puedes entender cómo se sienten otras personas

Question 87

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to sympathize with / to show compassion for

e.g. He showed compassion to the sad little girl

Answer 87

compadecerse de / mostrar compasión por

ej. Él se compadeció de la niñita triste

Question 88

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a successor

e.g. the king’s successor

Answer 88

un sucesor

ej. el sucesor del rey

Question 89

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to succeed / to come after

e.g. Kim Jung Un succeeded his father, Kim Jung Il, as dictator of North Korea

Answer 89

suceder / venir después

ej. Kim Jung Un sucedió a su padre, Kim Jung Il, como dictador de Corea del Norte

Question 90

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to precede

e.g. George W. Bush preceded Barack Obama as president

Answer 90

preceder

ej. George W. Bush precedió a Barak Obama como presidente

Question 91

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preceding

e.g. The conclusion of this story is found in the preceding paragraph

Answer 91

precedente

ej. La conclusión de esta historia se encuentra en el párrafo precedente

Question 92

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a precedent

e.g. There is no legal precedent to this case

Answer 92

un precedente

ej. No hay precedentes legales para este caso

Question 93

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unprecedented

e.g. an unprecedented increase

Answer 93

sin precedentes

ej. un aumento sin precedentes

Question 94

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a predecessor

e.g. The new president inherited the war started by his predecessor

Answer 94

un predecesor

ej. El nuevo presidente heredó la guerra que comenzó su predecesor

Question 95

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to preserve

e.g. They use chemicals to preserve the food for many years

Answer 95

preservar / conservar

ej. Usan químicos para preservar la comida durante muchos años

Question 96

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conservation / preservation

e.g. the conservation of our rainforests

Answer 96

la conservación / la preservación

ej. la conservación de nuestras selvas

Question 97

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to promote / to advocate

e.g. to promote environmental responsibility

Answer 97

promover / fomentar

ej. promover la responsabilidad ecológica

Question 98

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conducive to / good for / favorable for

e.g. The atmosphere of the loud and boisterous bar was not conducive to conversation

Answer 98

conducivo a / bueno para / favorable para

ej. La atmósfera ruidosa y bulliciosa del bar no era favorable para la conversación

Question 99

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to promote / to give a promotion

e.g. They promoted him to manager

Answer 99

promover a alguien / dar un ascenso

ej. Lo promovieron a gerente

Question 100

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a promotion

e.g. We threw a party to celebrate her promotion

Answer 100

un ascenso / una promoción

ej. Hicimos una fiesta para celebrar su ascenso

Question 101

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a breakdown / a nervous breakdown

e.g. She had a nervous breakdown, caused by all the stress

Answer 101

una crisis nerviosa

ej. Ella tuvo una crisis nerviosa, causada por todo el estrés

Question 102

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ego

e.g. He has a strong ego; he’s very confident

Answer 102

el ego

ej. Él tiene un ego fuerte; es muy seguro

Question 103

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psychological

e.g. a psychological study

Answer 103

sicológico / psicológico

ej. un estudio psicológico

Question 104

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psychiatric

e.g. a psychiatric evaluation

Answer 104

siquiátrico / psiquiátrico

ej. una evaluación siquiátrica

Question 105

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schizophrenic

e.g. The schizophrenic patient keeps talking to herself

Answer 105

esquizofrénico

ej. La paciente esquizofrénica no deja de hablar consigo misma

Question 106

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qualifications

e.g. qualifications for a job

Answer 106

una cualificación

ej. la cualificación para un trabajo

Question 107

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qualified

e.g. I am qualified for this job

Answer 107

calificado / cualificado

ej. Estoy calificado para este trabajo

Question 108

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to disqualify

e.g. He was disqualified for cheating

Answer 108

descalificar

ej. Lo descalifiaron por hacer trampa

Question 109

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to qualify for

e.g. You don’t qualify for welfare benefits

Answer 109

cumplir los requisitos para / clasificarse para

ej. Usted no cumple los requisitos para obtener beneficios sociales

Question 110

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a rank

e.g. a high military rank

Answer 110

un rango / un nivel

e.g. un alto rango militar

Question 111

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___-ranking

e.g. a high-ranking officer

Answer 111

de ___ rango / de ___ nivel

ej. un oficial de alto rango

Question 112

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to rank / to put in order

e.g. We ranked the countries by population, and China was ranked first

Answer 112

clasificar / ordenar

ej. Clasificamos los países según su población, y China quedó en primer lugar

Question 113

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a ranking / a position

e.g. What is the Yankees’ current ranking in the American League East?

Answer 113

una clasificación / una posición

ej. ¿Cuál es la posición actual de los Yankees en la Liga Americana del Este?

Question 114

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to hold responsible for / to hold accountable for

e.g. The terrorist group has been held responsible for the bombing

Answer 114

considerar responsable de algo / hacer responsable de algo

ej. El grupo terrorista ha sido considerado resposable de la bomba

Question 115

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a burden

e.g. Getting a dog is a huge burden for a single person living in a small apartment

Answer 115

una carga

ej. Tener un perro es una carga enorme para una persona soltera que vive en un pequeño departamento

Question 116

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to burden / to overwhelm

e.g. She was burdened with the responsibility of raising her sister’s child

Answer 116

agobiar / atosigar

ej. Ella estaba agobiada con la responsabilidad de criar al hijo de su hermana

Question 117

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to scratch / to claw

e.g. Your cat scratched me

Answer 117

arañar / rasguñar

ej. Tu gato me arañó

Question 118

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to scratch / to scratch an itch on

e.g. He scratched his head

Answer 118

rascar

ej. Se rascó la cabeza

Question 119

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to scratch / to damage

e.g. You scratched my car!

Answer 119

rayar

ej. ¡Rayaste mi carro!

Question 120

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to scrape / to get scratched

e.g. I scraped my knee

Answer 120

rasparse / rasguñarse / arañarse

ej. Me raspé la rodilla

Question 121

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a scratch / a scrape

e.g. I have a scratch on my arm. Do you have a bandage?

Answer 121

un rasguño / un arañazo

ej. Tengo un rasguño en el brazo. ¿Tienes una venda?

Question 122

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a scratch

e.g. There’s a scratch on your computer screen

Answer 122

un rayo / una raya

ej. Hay una raya en la pantalla de tu computadora

Question 123

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from scratch

e.g. She made the pancakes from scratch

Answer 123

de cero / desde cero

ej. Hizo los panqueques desde cero

Question 124

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junior / lower-ranking

e.g. a junior minister

Answer 124

menor / de menor rango / junior

ej. un ministro menor

Question 125

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senior / higher-ranking

e.g. a senior officer

Answer 125

superior / de mayor rango

ej. un oficial superior

Question 126

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a senior citizen / a senior

e.g. There is a discount for senior citizens

Answer 126

una persona mayor / una persona de la tercera edad / un adulto mayor

ej. Hay un descuento para las personas mayores

Question 127

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sluggish / lethargic

e.g. Ryan seemed very slow and lethargic this morning

Answer 127

aletargado / letárgico

ej. Ryan parecía bastante lento y aletargado esta mañana

Question 128

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prompt / quick / timely

e.g. a prompt reply

Answer 128

puntual / pronto

ej. una pronta respuesta

Question 129

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promptly / without delay / quickly

e.g. She replied promptly

Answer 129

rápidamente / sin demora / puntualmente

ej. Ella contestó rápidamente

Question 130

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miniature

e.g. a miniature city

Answer 130

miniatura

ej. una ciudad miniatura

Question 131

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tiny / miniscule

e.g. a tiny dog

Answer 131

pequeñísimo

ej. un perrito pequeñísimo

Question 132

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compact

e.g. a compact car

Answer 132

compacto

ej. un carro compacto

Question 133

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to regret

e.g. He regrets lending her his car

Answer 133

arrepentirse de / lamentar

ej. Él se arrepiente de haberle prestado su auto

Question 134

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a regret

e.g. If I have one regret, it’s not having taken more risks

Answer 134

un arrepentimiento / un remordimiento

ej. Si tengo un remordimiento, es no haber tomado más riesgos

Question 135

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regret / remorse

e.g. I believe the criminal truly felt remorse for what he’d done all those years ago

Answer 135

el remordimiento

ej. Me parece que el criminal realmente siente remordimiento por lo que hizo hace tantos años

Question 136

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to sponsor

e.g. Microsoft is sponsoring my school’s chess team

Answer 136

patrocinar / auspiciar

ej. Microsoft está patrocinando al equipo de ajedrez de mi escuela

Question 137

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a sponsor / a donor

e.g. We need to find a wealthy sponsor for this project

Answer 137

un auspiciador / un patrocinador

ej. Necesitamos encontrar a un patrocinador adinerado para este proyecto

Question 138

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sponsorship

e.g. We could not have done this without your company’s sponsorship. Thank you

Answer 138

el patrocinio / el auspicio

ej. No pudimos haber hecho esto sin el auspicio de su compañía. Gracias

Question 139

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a spokesperson / a spokesman

e.g. The president’s spokesman discussed the issue with reporters

Answer 139

un portavoz / un vocero

ej. El portavoz del presidente discutió los asuntos con los reporteros

Question 140

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espionage

e.g. He was arrested for espionage

Answer 140

el espionaje

ej. Lo arrestaron por espionaje

Question 141

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a spy / a secret agent

e.g. I suspect that she might be a spy for the Russians

Answer 141

un espía

ej. Sospecho que ella es una espía para los rusos

Question 142

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to spy

e.g. They were spying on us

Answer 142

espiar

ej. Nos estaban espiando

Question 143

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legendary / mythical

e.g. a legendary queen from ancient times

Answer 143

legendario / mítico

ej. una reina legendaria de la antigüedad

Question 144

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a myth / a legend

e.g. Don’t believe that myth

Answer 144

un mito / una leyenda

ej. No creas ese mito

Question 145

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mythology

e.g. ancient Roman mythology

Answer 145

la mitología

ej. la mitología antigua romana

Question 146

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an expression / a saying / a proverb

e.g. “Beggars can’t be choosers” was my grandmother’s favorite saying

Answer 146

una expresión / un refrán / un dicho

ej. El dicho preferido de mi abuela era “limosnero y con garrote”

Question 147

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an idiom

e.g. The phrase “as sick as a dog” is an idiom used to describe being very sick

Answer 147

un modismo

ej. La frase “estar pa’ la goma” es un modismo que se usa para decir que uno está muy enfermo

Question 148

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proverbial

e.g. He spent his career searching for the proverbial fountain of youth

Answer 148

proverbial

ej. Él pasó toda su carrera buscando la fuente proverbial de la juventud

Question 149

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folklore / customs

e.g. I’m fascinated by the native folklore in this village

Answer 149

el folclore / el folclor / las costumbres

ej. Estoy fascinado con las costumbres tradicionales de este pueblo

Question 150

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a fairy tale

e.g. He read his son a fairy tale before bed

Answer 150

un cuento de hadas

ej. Le leyó a su hijo un cuento de hadas antes de dormir

Question 151

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a fable

e.g. Every fable teaches an important moral

Answer 151

una fábula

ej. Todas las fábulas enseñan una importante moral

Question 152

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the plot / the premise / the story

e.g. the plot of a movie

Answer 152

la trama / el argumento

ej. la trama de una película

Question 153

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a stripe / a line

e.g. stripes on a shirt

Answer 153

una raya / una lista

ej. las rayas en una camisa

Question 154

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striped / stripy

e.g. a striped shirt

Answer 154

rayado / a rayas / a listas

ej. una camisa rayada

Question 155

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to suspend

e.g. The mayor has suspended bus service tomorrow, due to the blizzard

Answer 155

suspender

ej. El alcalde ha suspendido el servicio de autobuses mañana, debido a la tormenta de nieve

Question 156

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to suspend / to revoke

e.g. My driver’s license was suspended after my third speeding ticket

Answer 156

inhabilitar / suspender

ej. Mi licencia de conducir fue inhabilitada después de mi tercera multa por ir a exceso de velocidad

Question 157

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a suspension

e.g. a temporary suspension of bus service

Answer 157

una suspensión

ej. una suspensión provisional en el servicio de autobús