4.1.1.3 Cell Specialisation Flashcards

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1
Q

What are sperm cells specialised for?

A
  • reproduction
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2
Q

What is the function of a sperm?

A
  • to get the male DNA to the female DNA
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3
Q

How are sperm cells adapted to do their function?

A
  • long tail and streamlined head to help it swim to the egg
  • a lot of mitochondria in the cell to provide energy needed
  • carries enzymes in its head to digest through egg cell membrane
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4
Q

What are nerve cells specialised for?

A
  • rapid signalling
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5
Q

What is the function of a nerve cell?

A
  • to carry electrical signals from one part of the body to another
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6
Q

How are nerve cells adapted to do their function?

A
  • long to cover more distance
  • have branched connections at their ends to connect to other nerve cells and form a network throughout the body
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7
Q

What are muscle cells specialised for?

A
  • contraction
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8
Q

What is the function of a muscle cell?

A
  • to contract wuickly
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9
Q

How are muscle cells adapted to do their function?

A
  • long so that they have space to contract
  • contain lots of mitochondria to generate energy needed for contraction
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10
Q

What are root hair cells specialised for?

A
  • absorbing water and minerals
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11
Q

Where are root hair cells located?

A
  • surface of plant roots
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12
Q

How are root hair cells adapted to do their function?

A
  • grow into long hairs that stick out into the soil
  • this gives them a large surface area for absorbing water and mineral ion from the soil
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13
Q

What are phloem and xylem cells specialised for?

A
  • transporting substances
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14
Q

What do phloem and xylem cells form?

A
  • phloem and xylem tubes which transport substances such as food and water
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15
Q

How are the phloem and xylem tubes formed?

A
  • cells are long and joined end to end
  • xylem cells are hollow in the centre
  • phloem cells have few subcellular structures
  • leading to substances flowing through them
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