4.1.1.3 Cell Specialisation Flashcards
1
Q
What are sperm cells specialised for?
A
- reproduction
2
Q
What is the function of a sperm?
A
- to get the male DNA to the female DNA
3
Q
How are sperm cells adapted to do their function?
A
- long tail and streamlined head to help it swim to the egg
- a lot of mitochondria in the cell to provide energy needed
- carries enzymes in its head to digest through egg cell membrane
4
Q
What are nerve cells specialised for?
A
- rapid signalling
5
Q
What is the function of a nerve cell?
A
- to carry electrical signals from one part of the body to another
6
Q
How are nerve cells adapted to do their function?
A
- long to cover more distance
- have branched connections at their ends to connect to other nerve cells and form a network throughout the body
7
Q
What are muscle cells specialised for?
A
- contraction
8
Q
What is the function of a muscle cell?
A
- to contract quickly
9
Q
How are muscle cells adapted to do their function?
A
- long so that they have space to contract
- contain lots of mitochondria to generate energy needed for contraction
10
Q
What are root hair cells specialised for?
A
- absorbing water and minerals
11
Q
Where are root hair cells located?
A
- surface of plant roots
12
Q
How are root hair cells adapted to do their function?
A
- grow into long hairs that stick out into the soil
- this gives them a large surface area for absorbing water and mineral ion from the soil
13
Q
What are phloem and xylem cells specialised for?
A
- transporting substances
14
Q
What do phloem and xylem cells form?
A
- phloem and xylem tubes which transport substances such as food and water
15
Q
How are the phloem and xylem tubes adapted to carry out their function?
A
- cells are long and joined end to end
- xylem cells are hollow in the centre
- phloem cells have few subcellular structures
