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Family Practice > 411 Notes > Flashcards

411 Notes Flashcards

1
Q

What are some words to describe lesions?

A

Shape (round, oval, etc)
Size
Macule (flat) or papular (raised)
Scaly or smooth

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2
Q

BPPV

A 
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Common in elderly
From displaced otolith
Diagnose using Dix-Hallpike maneuver
Treat with Epley's maneuver
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3
Q

How long does it take for hypothyroidism drugs to kick in?

A

6 weeks

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4
Q

4 main classes of BP drugs

A

Thiazide diuretics
Beta blockers
ACE inhibitors
Ca channel blockers

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5
Q

2 medications used for induction of ovulation

A

Clomiphene (classic exam q)

Letrozol (but not the exam answer)

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6
Q

Decreased kidney function causes an increased risk for…

A

Heart disease
Stroke
Etc

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7
Q

What do you need to avoid when on metformin?

A

Advil (only tylenol!!)

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8
Q

Normal value for glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C)

A

Under 7

If they are elderly then under 8

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9
Q

Side effects of iron supplements

A

Nausea
Constipation
Turns stool black**

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10
Q

How do you need to take iron?

A

On an empty stomach

With citrus ideally (low pH for absorption)

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11
Q

What drug is used to treat strep throat?

A

Amoxicillin

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12
Q

How do you see specialists in BC?

A

Need referral from a family doc
Expires after 6 months
Good so that you make sure you see that patient again

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13
Q

When do we start doing Pap tests?

A

25 years old

Until 69

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14
Q

Satellite lesions usually point to what kind of rash?

A

Fungal

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15
Q

Tamiflu (oseltamivir) protects against what strain of influenza

A

A and B

Only one that does this

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16
Q

What does aspirin protect against

A

In men: heart attacks (start at 45)
In women: strokes (start at 50)
If diabetic, start about 5-10 years earlier
Also prevents colon cancer

17
Q

Tennis elbow vs golfer’s elbow

A

Tennis elbow is lateral epicondylitis

Golfer’s elbow is medial epicondylitis

18
Q

Ear infections in children vs adults

A

Children get otitis media because their eustachian tubes are more horizontal (so stagnant fluid in the middle ear)
Adults get otitis externa (infection of the eustachian tube)

19
Q

If a patient complains of chest pain, what 2 tests do you NEED to order

A

EKG and troponin test

20
Q

Cluster headaches

A

From vasospasm
Present as one-sided headaches with leakage from eyes and nose from that side
They are in regular intervals (ex: on for 5 days, off for 30)
Go away immediately with oxygen therapy

21
Q

Internal vs external hemorrhoids

A

Internal are above the pectinate lines, no pain

External are below the pectinate lines, do have pain and bleed

22
Q

How do you avoid swelling in pregnant women in their lower extremities?

A

Sleep on their LEFT side

Stops the inferior vena cava from being compressed

23
Q

What’s important about the pharmacology of adivan?

A

Its a benzodiazepine

Cannot stop it abruptly because of the withdrawal symptoms (seizure, coma, death)

24
Q

What is a problem with CT contrast?

A

Can cause nephropathy

Have to check kidney function before ordering it

25
Q

3 side effects from birth control

A

DVT
Pulmonary embolism
Stroke

26
Q

Where is the most common cause of fracture in the foot

A

5th metatarsal

Slower to heal because it has different blood supply

27
Q

How can you tell between gout and rheumatoid arthritis

A

Gout is usually monoarthritis

Rheumatoid is polyarthritis

28
Q

What medication will give you a false negative for H pylori

A

Proton pump inhibitors

29
Q

Common cause of bilateral leg pain

A

Iron deficiency

30
Q

2 side effects of naproxone

A

GI bleeding

Acute renal failure (especially in elderly)

31
Q

What prevents falls in the elderly?

A

Vitamin D

32
Q

Swollen lymph nodes above the collarbone indicate…

A

Stomach cancer

33
Q

Diabetes sugar levels

  1. Fasting
  2. Post prandial
A
  1. 7

2. 11

34
Q

Diabetes and prediabetes for A1C

A

Diabetes: 6.5 or over
Pre: 5.7 to 6.4

35
Q

Why do you want to decrease HR in ischemic heart diseases?

A

Because if you decrease HR, there is more time spent in diastole, and that is when the coronary arteries fill

36
Q

Where is Fe, Folic acid, and B12 absorbed?

A

Fe: duodenum
Folic acid: jejunum
B12: ileum

37
Q

Side effects of amiodorone

A

Lung
Liver
Thyroid

38
Q

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

A

Most common cause of hypothyroidism

Body produces antibodies against the thyroid gland and that leads to chronic inflammation

39
Q

Reye’s disease is a concern in which medications

A

Aspirin

Pepto Bismol

Family Practice (1 decks)

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