4.10: Eukaryotic Cell Components

Question 1

Cell Wall

Answer 1

Protects, structurally supports cell

Question 2

Chloroplast

Answer 2

Specializes in photosynthesis

Question 3

Central Vacuole

Answer 3

Increases cell surface area; stores metabolic wastes

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Keeps DNA and its transcription into RNA away from potentially damaging reactions in cytoplasm

Question 5

Rough ER

Answer 5

Modifies new polypeptide chains

Question 6

Smooth ER

Answer 6

Diverse roles; makes lipids, degrades fats, and inactivates toxins

Question 7

Ribosomes

Answer 7

Site of protein synthesis

Question 8

Golgi Body

Answer 8

Modifies, sorts, ships proteins and lipids for export or for insertion into cell membranes

Question 9

Lysosome-Like Vesicle

Answer 9

Digests, recycles materials

Question 10

Cytoskeleton

Answer 10

Structurally supports, imparts shape to cell and its components

Question 11

Mitochondrion

Answer 11

Energy powerhouse; produces many ATP by aerobic respiration

Question 12

Plasma Membrane

Answer 12

Selectively controls the kinds and amounts of substances moving into and out of cell; helps maintain cytoplasmic volume, composition

Question 13

Plasmodesma

Answer 13

Communication junction between adjoining cells

Question 14

Centrioles

Answer 14

Special centres that produce and organize microtubules