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Physical Science > 4.1 The Nature of Energy > Flashcards

4.1 The Nature of Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is energy?

A

energy is the ability to cause change

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2
Q

What are the different forms of energy?

A

electrical, chemical, radiant, thermal

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3
Q

Energy has….(-) forms and (-) types

A

four different forms, two different types

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4
Q

The two different types of energy are…

A

kinetic and potential

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5
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

the energy a moving object has because of its motion

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6
Q

What does kinetic energy depend on?

A

the object’s mass and speed

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7
Q

What unit is energy measured in?

A

joules

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8
Q

Kinetic energy equation?

A

KE=(1/2)mv^2

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9
Q

What is the SI unit of energy?

A

joule (J)

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10
Q

What is mass measured in?

A

in kg

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11
Q

What is velocity measured in?

A

m/s^2

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12
Q

What is potential energy?

A

energy stored in a motionless object

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13
Q

Potential energy equation?

A

hmacceleration due to gravity

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14
Q

What does potential energy have the capability to do?

A

ability to transform into kinetic energy

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15
Q

What is elastic potential energy?

A

energy that is stored in something that can stretch or compress, such as a rubber band or a spring

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16
Q

Where is chemical potential energy stored?

A

in the chemical bonds between atoms

17
Q

Bond names

A

ane (1), ene (2), yne(3)

18
Q

What causes chemical energy to be released?

A

the breaking of bonds

19
Q

Energy stored in chemical bonds is known as…

A

chemical potential energy

20
Q

Example of a combustion reaction

A

C3H8 + O2 = CO2 + H20

21
Q

Gravitational potential energy (GPE) is…

A

energy stored by objects due to their position above earth’s surface

22
Q

What has GPE?

A

anything that can fall

23
Q

GPE equation?

A

mgh (massacceleration due to gravityheight)

24
Q

What is acceleration due to gravity measured in?

A

m/s^2 and has the symbol g

25
Q

What is the acceleration due to gravity of Earth?

A

9.8 m/s^2

26
Q

Types of energy with examples…

A

Electrical - power lines and lightning
Chemical - food and batteries
Thermal - melting ice cream, friction, hot soup
Radiant - visible light, ultraviolet light waves from sun

27
Q

Power

A

work/time watts

28
Q

law of universal gravitation/gravitational force

A

F=G(m1m2/r^2)

29
Q

gravitational force

A

the gravitational force between two objects from their masses and the stance between them

30
Q

force

A

a push or pull

31
Q

three types of friction

A

static friction, rolling friction, sliding friction

32
Q

Newton’s Laws of Motion

A
  1. If an object is in motion, it stays
33
Q

Identify the law that’s associated Newtons second law of motion.

A

A=f/m

Acceleration = force/mass

34
Q

What is the value of g in the equation for gravitational force?

A

6.67 x 10^-11 N.m^2/kg^2

Physical Science (4 decks)

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