4.1 Systems Basics Flashcards
What are the main features of a system?
- that the whole system is greater than the sum of the parts
- the parts of the system interact to form the system
- they have a purpose that is well defined
What is a complicated system?
One where the elements and their connections of the system have equal importance, and simple algorithm can be used to predict simple and predictable responses and components response is fully determined.
What is a complex system?
A system where the connections are critical, with individual agents being less so, and the simple rules result in complete and adaptive responses and agents have latitude of response within the rules
What are the four basic models of healthcare provision in the world?
Out-of-pocket model
Bismarck model
National health insurance
Beveridge model
What is the OST common healthcare model in the world?
Out-of-pocket model (individual liability model)
What is the out-of-pocket model?
Pay for own healthcare, no universal healthcare provision for citizens.
Some have public hospitals that provide free emergency care, but only emergency care. All further treatment would be paid for by the patient.
Individuals have health insurance to cover the costs of healthcare.
What is the Bismarck model of healthcare?
Healthcare is provided by private healthcare providers and doctors.
The healthcare is financed by an insurance system ( not-for-profit sickness funds that are strictly regulated) that is funded jointly by employers and employees through payroll deduction
Insurance scheme is required to cover people who are not covered as employees, though they will get a lesser coverage.
What is the national health insurance model of healthcare?
Employers and employees pay national insurance contributions
Healthcare is provided by private healthcare providers and doctors. It is financed by a government run insurance scheme that is funded by citizens compulsory contributions
What is the beveridge model of healthcare?
Healthcare is provided mostly by state controlled healthcare providers and doctors and financed by the government funded by general taxation.
What is the comprehensive geriatric assessment?
A multidimensional interdisciplinary diagnostic process to determine the medical, psychological and functional capabilities of a frail older person in order to develop a coordinated and integrated plan for treatment and long-term follow-up.
