4.1 Genetics and Immunology of Blood Groups Flashcards
What type of serological testing does the blood bank technologist perform when determining the blood group of a patient?
A. Genotyping
B. Phenotyping
C. Both genotyping and phenotyping
D. Polymerase chain reaction
Phenotyping
If anti-K reacts 3+ with a donor cell with a genotype KK and 2+ with a Kk cell, the antibody is demonstrating:
A. Dosage
B. Linkage disequilibrium
C. Homozygosity
D. Heterozygosity
Dosage
Carla expresses the blood group antigens Fya, Fyb, and Xga. James shows expressions of none of these antigens. What factor(s) may account for the absence of these antigens in James?
A. Gender
B. Race
C. Gender and race
D. Medication
Gender and race
Which of the following statements is true?
A. An individual with the BO genotype is homozygous for B antigen
B. An individual with the BB genotype is homozygous for B antigen
C. An individual with the OO genotype is heterozygous for O antigen
D. An individual with the AB phenotype is homozygous for A and B antigens
An individual with the BB genotype is homozygous for B antigen
Which genotype is heterozygous for C?
A. DCe/dce
B. DCE/DCE
C. Dce/dce
D. DCE/dCe
DCe/dce
Which genotype(s) will give rise to the Bombay phenotype?
A. HH only
B. HH and Hh
C. Hh and hh
D. hh only
hh only
Meiosis in cell division is limited to the ova and sperm producing four gametes containing what complement of DNA?
A. 1N
B. 2N
C. 3N
D. 4N
1N
A cell that is not actively dividing is said to be in:
A. Interphase
B. Prophase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Interphase
Which of the following describes the expression of most blood group antigens?
A. Dominant
B. Recessive
C. Codominant
D. Corecessive
Codominant
What blood type is not possible for an offspring of an AO and BO mating?
A. AB
B. A or B
C. O
D. All are possible
All are possible
The alleged father of a child in a disputed case of paternity is blood group AB. The mother is group O, and the child is group O. What type of exclusion is this?
A. Direct/primary/first order
B. Probability
C. Random
D. Indirect/secondary/second order
Indirect/secondary/second order
If the frequency of gene Y is 0.4 and the frequency of gene Z is 0.5, one would expect that they should occur together 0.2 (20%) of the time. In actuality, they are found together 32% of the time. This is an example of:
A. Crossing over
B. Linkage disequilibrium
C. Polymorphism
D. Chimerism
Linkage disequilibrium
In the Hardy-Weinberg formula, p2 represents:
A. The heterozygous population of one allele
B. The homozygous population of one allele
C. The recessive allele
D. The dominant allele
The homozygous population of one allele
In this type of inheritance, the father carries the trait on his X chromosome. He has no sons with the trait because he passed his Y chromosome to his sons; however, all his daughters will express the trait.
A. Autosomal dominant
B. Autosomal recessive
C. X-linked dominant
D. X-linked recessive
X-linked dominant
Why do immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies, such as those formed against ABO antigens, have the ability to directly agglutinate RBCs and cause visible agglutination?
A. IgM antibodies are larger molecules and have the ability to bind more antigen
B. IgM antibodies tend to clump together more readily to bind more antigen
C. IgM antibodies are found in greater concentrations than IgG antibodies
D. IgM antibodies are not limited by subclass specificity
IgM antibodies are larger molecules and have the ability to bind more antigen
