4.1 Bacterial Diseases Flashcards
What is an infectious disease?
disease resulting from infection of host organism by pathogen
A small proportion of bacteria are what?
Pathogens causing disease
How can bacteria be classified?
By their shapes
By their cell walls
What shapes can bacteria have?
Rodshape - bacillus
Spiral - spiralla
Spherical - cocci
Corkscrew
If a bacterias cell wall is gram positive what colour is the stain?
Purple/blue
What shaped bacteria have gram positive cell walls?
Cocci
Rod
Give an example of a gram positive bacteria:
MRSA
What colour is the stain for gram negative bacteria?
Red
Give an example of a gram negative bacteria:
E.Coli
What shaped bacteria have gram negative cell walls?
Cocci
Rods
Corkscrew
Not all antibiotics work for what?
Different bacteria
Scientists can look at the cell wall of the bacteria to see what?
What antibiotic is needed
What is an antibiotic?
Compound killing or inhibiting growth of bacteria
Give an example of a animal/human bacterial disease:
Tuberculosis
(TB) what bacterium causes tuberculosis?
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
(TB) how is TB spread?
Inhaling droplets off infected person
Becomes lodged in lungs where bacteria multiply
(TB) what are the symptoms of TB?
Coughing up blood
Fever
Weight loss
Short breath
(TB) how is Tb treated?
Course of antibiotics for 6 months
Vaccinations for prevention
Give an example of a bacterial disease in humans:
Meningitis
(Meningitis) what is it caused by?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
(Meningitis) what does bacterial meningitis affect?
The meninges around the brain and spinal chord
(Meningitis) can result in what?
Septicaemia
Permanent brain or nerve damage
(Meningitis) what are the symptoms?
Headaches
Vomiting
Stiff neck
Drowsiness
(Meningitis) what is a symptom of septicaemia?
Blotchy rash that doesn’t fade when glass is rolled over it
(Meningitis) what percent of infected people die? And what percent suffer permanent damage?
10% die
25% damage
(Meningitis) how is it spread?
Sneezing coughing or kissing
(Meningitis) how is it treated?
Vaccinations for prevention
Early with antibiotics
What is a bacterial infection in plants?
Ring rot
(Ring rot) what does it affect?
Potatoes and tomatoes
(Ring rot) what are the symptoms?
Foliar - rolled leaves, wilting
Tuber - rotting of vascular ring, cracking of potato skin
(Ring rot) where is the disease prevalent?
Cooler climates
(Ring rot) how is it spread?
Daughter tubers from infected seed
(Ring rot) how long can the bacteria remain infectious?
Number of years on storage material and equipment
