4.1 : Acids, Bases and Neutralisation Flashcards
How do you know something is an acid?
All acids contain hydrogen in their formula.
When dissolved in water, an acid released hydrogen ions as protons, H+, into the solution.
What is the difference between strong and weak acids ?
Strong acid : releases all its hydrogen atoms into solution as H+ ions and completely dissociates in aqueous solution.
Weak acid : only releases a small proportion of its available hydrogen atoms into solution as H+ ions. It partially dissociates in aqueous solution.
What is the difference between a base and an alkali?
A bae neutralises am acid to form a salt.
An alkali is a base that dissolves in water releasing hydroxide ions (OH-) into the solution.
What happens in neutralisation ?
H+ ions react with a base to form a salt and neutral water.
The H+ ions from the acid are replaced by metal or ammonium ions from the base.
What happens when you neutralise an acid with a metal oxide or metal hydroxide? What happens when you neutralise it with an alkali?
It’s forms a salt and water only.
What happens when you neutralise an acid with a carbonate ?
It produces a salt, water and carbon dioxide.
