4.1 Acids, bases and neutralisation

Question 1

What is the formula of hydrochloric acid

Answer 1

HCl

Question 2

What is the formula of sulfuric acid

Answer 2

H2SO4

Question 3

What is the formula of nitric acid

Answer 3

HNO3

Question 4

What is the formula of ethanol acid

Answer 4

CH3COOH

Question 5

What are the common acids

Answer 5

HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, CH3COOH

Question 6

What is a strong acid?

Answer 6

An acid which releases all its hydrogen atoms into a solution as H+ ions and completely dissociates in aqueous solution

Question 7

Is HCl a strong or weak acid?

Answer 7

strong

Question 8

Is ethanoic acid a strong or weak acid?

Answer 8

weal

Question 9

What is a weak acid?

Answer 9

An acid which only releases a small proportion of its available hydrogen atoms into a solution as H+ ions and partially dissociates in aqueous solution

Question 10

What is the equation showing the release of H+ atoms into a aq solution for hydrochloric acid?

Answer 10

HCl (aq) → H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)

Question 11

Definition of an acid

Answer 11

A species that releases H+ ions in aqueous solution

Question 12

Definition of a base

Answer 12

A compound that neutralises an acid to form a salt

Question 13

What compounds are classified as bases?

Answer 13

Metal hydroxides, Metal oxides, Metal carbonates, Ammonia NH3

Question 14

What is an alkali?

Answer 14

A base which dissolves in water to release hydroxide ions, OH- (aq)

Question 15

What is the equation to showing sodium hydroxide release in hydroxide ions as it dissolves in water?

Answer 15

NaOH (s) + aq → Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq)

Question 16

What are examples of common metal oxides?

Answer 16

MgO, CaO, CuO

Question 17

What are examples of common metal carbonates?

Answer 17

CuCO3, Na2CO3, CaCO3

Question 18

What are examples of common alkalis?

Answer 18

NaOH, KOH, NH3

Question 19

What is neutralisation?

Answer 19

The reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt

Question 20

What occurs during a neutralisation reaction?

Answer 20

H+ ions react with a base to form a salt and neutral water

Question 21

What is the equation for the reaction of an acid with a metal oxide?

Answer 21

acid + metal oxide → salt + water

Question 22

What is the equation for the reaction of an acid with a metal hydroxide?

Answer 22

acid + metal hydroxide → salt + water

Question 23

What is the equation for the reaction of sulfuric acid with copper oxide?

Answer 23

CuO (s) + H2SO4 (aq) → CuSO4 (aq) + H20 (l)

Question 24

What is the equation for the reaction of copper oxide with hydrochloric acid?

Answer 24

CuO (s) + 2HCl (aq) → CuCl2 (aq) + H2O (l)

Question 25

What is the equation for the reaction of an acid with an alkali?

Answer 25

acid + alkali → salt + water

Question 26

What is the equation for the reaction of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid

Answer 26

HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) → NaCl (s) + H2O (l)

Question 27

What is the ionic equation for the reaction of NaOH and HCl?

Answer 27

H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) → H2O (l)

Question 28

What is the equation for the reaction of an acid with a metal carbonate?

Answer 28

acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide (g)

Question 29

What is the equation for the reaction of zinc carbonate with sulfuric acid

Answer 29

ZnCO3 (s) + H2SO4 (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

Question 30

What is the equation for the reaction of magnesium carbonate with hydrochloric acid?

Answer 30

MgCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)