400 Words

Question 1

Possession

Answer 1

the fact that you have or own something:

The possession of large amounts of money does not ensure happiness.

Question 2

Presence

Answer 2

the fact that someone or something is in a place:
She was overawed by the presence of so many people.
The presence of pollen in the atmosphere causes hay fever in some people.

Question 3

Drain

Answer 3

If you drain something, you remove the liquid from it, usually by pouring it away or allowing it to flow away, and if something drains, liquid flows away or out of it:
Drain the pasta thoroughly.
We drained the pond and filled it with fresh water.
Drain (off) any liquid that is left in the rice.
Don’t bother drying the pans - just leave them to drain.
​
If you drain a glass or cup, you drink all the liquid in it.

Opt. Irrigate

Question 4

Ample (adj)

Answer 4

more than enough:

You’ll have ample opportunity to ask questions after the talk.

Question 5

Strain (n)

Answer 5

a particular type or quality:
A strain of puritanism runs through all her work.
​
an animal or plant from a particular group whose characteristics are different in some way from others of the same group:

Question 6

Sustainsble (adj)

Answer 6

able to continue over a period of time:

That sort of extreme diet is not sustainable over a long period.

Question 7

Revitalization

Answer 7

the process of making something grow, develop, or become successful again:
A new indoor sports arena has played a key role in the revitalization of its neighborhood.
revitalizatione plans/programs/projects

Question 8

Adversary

Answer 8

an enemy:

He saw her as his main adversary within the company.

Question 9

Incompetence

Answer 9

lack of ability to do something successfully or as it should be done:
Management have demonstrated almost unbelievable incompetence in their handling of the dispute.

Question 10

Convince (v)

Answer 10

to persuade someone or make someone certain:

He managed to convince the jury of his innocence.

Question 11

Tremor (n)

Answer 11

a slight shaking movement in a person’s body, especially because of nervousness or excitement:
The disease mostly affects people over 50, causing paralysis and uncontrollable tremors.

Question 12

Drastic (adj)

Answer 12

(especially of actions) severe and sudden or having very noticeable effects:
drastic measures
Many employees have had to take drastic cuts in pay.

Question 13

Criticize (v)

Criticizing (adj)

Answer 13

to express disapproval of someone or something:

The government is being widely criticized in the media for failing to limit air pollution.

Question 14

Despite (prep.)

Answer 14

without taking any notice of or being influenced by; not prevented by:
I still enjoyed the week despite the weather.

Despite this: even so, regardless

Question 15

Impulsive (adj)

Answer 15

showing behaviour in which you do things suddenly without any planning and without considering the effects they may have:
Don’t be so impulsive - think before you act.
an impulsive man/decision/gesture

Question 16

Disturbance (n)

Answer 16

something that interrupts someone or makes someone feel worried:
Residents are tired of the disturbance caused by the nightclub.
Phone calls are the biggest disturbance at work.

Question 17

Landslide

Answer 17

also landslip, a mass of rock and earth moving suddenly and quickly down a steep slope

Question 18

Meteorite

Answer 18

a piece of rock or other matter from space that has landed on earth

Question 19

Friction

Answer 19

​the force that makes it difficult for one object to slide along the surface of another or to move through a liquid or gas:
When you rub your hands together the friction produces heat.

Question 20

Turbulence (n)

Answer 20

(CONFUSION)

​
a state of confusion without any order:
The era was characterized by political and cultural turbulence.
There are signs of turbulence ahead for the economy.

Question 21

Erosion (n)

Answer 21

​the fact of soil, stone, etc. being gradually damaged and removed by the waves, rain, or wind:
soil/coastal erosion

Question 22

Undermine

Answer 22

to make someone less confident, less powerful, or less likely to succeed, or to make something weaker, often gradually:
The president has accused two cabinet members of working secretly to undermine his position/him.

Question 23

Inland (adj)

Answer 23

​in the middle of a country, away from the sea:

The Black Sea is a large inland sea.

Question 24

Vegetation (n)

Answer 24

plants in general, or plants that are found in a particular area:
The railway track will have to be cleared of vegetation if it is to be used again.

Question 25

Crush (v)

Answer 25

to press something very hard so that it is broken or its shape is destroyed:
The package had been badly crushed in the post.

Question 26

Devastation

Answer 26

damage and destruction:

If disease is allowed to spread, it will cause widespread devastation.

Question 27

Meteorology

Answer 27

the scientific study of the processes that cause particular weather conditions

Question 28

Destructive (adj)

Destruction (n)

Answer 28

causing, or able to cause, damage:
the destructive power of nuclear weapons
I worry about the destructive effect that violent films may have on children.
Lack of trust is very destructive in a relationship.

Question 29

Monumental (adj)

Answer 29

very big and important:
a monumental task
a monumental waste of time

Question 30

Astound (v)

Astounding (adj)

Answer 30

​to surprise or shock someone very much:

The news astounded me.

Question 31

Pace (n)

Answer 31

the speed at which someone or something moves, or with which something happens or changes:
a slow/fast pace

Question 32

Swamp (n)

Answer 32

(an area of) very wet, soft land:

an alligator-infested swamp

Question 33

Nomad (n)

Answer 33

​a member of a group of people who move from one place to another rather than living in one place all of the time:
a tribe of Somalian desert nomads

Question 34

Remarkable (adj)

Remarkably (adv)

Answer 34

unusual or special and therefore surprising and worth mentioning:
Nelson Mandela was a truly remarkable man.

Question 35

Further thought

Answer 35

Looking deeper

Thinking more

Question 36

Constraint (n)

Constrain (v)

Answer 36

something that controls what you do by keeping you within particular limits:
The constraints of politeness wouldn’t allow her to say what she really thought about his cooking.

Question 37

Prolong (v)

Answer 37

to make something last a longer time:

We were having such a good time that we decided to prolong our stay by another week.

Question 38

Treasury (n)

Answer 38

the government department, in the UK and some other countries, that is responsible for financial matters such as spending and tax

Question 39

Imply (v)

Answer 39

to communicate an idea or feeling without saying it directly:
[ + (that) ] Are you implying (that) I’m fat?
I’m not implying anything about your cooking, but could we eat out tonight?

Question 40

Worth mentioning

Answer 40

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