4. Urinary Obstruction

Question 1

What is Urinary Obstruction ?

Answer 1

Mechanical/functional block to the outflow of urine, which can affect any part along the urinary tract

Question 2

What are the causes of Urinary Obstruction ?

Answer 2

1. Congenital (meatus stenosis, stricture of urethra,bladder neck obstruction)
2. Intrinsic (calculus, infection, trauma, inflammation, stricture)
3. Extrinsic (pregnant, trauma, carcinoma)

Question 3

What are the effects of Urinary Obstruction ?

Answer 3

1. Reduced glomerular filtration rate
2. Reduced renal blood flow
3. Imparted renal concentrating ability
4. Impaired distance; tubular function (renal salt washing)
5. Post-op diuresis

Question 4

What are the managements for Urinary Obstruction ?

Answer 4

1. Catheterisation
2. STRICT urine output monitoring
3. Surgical intervention (removal of stone, percutaneous nephrostomy)
4. Drugs therapy (analgesics, antibiotics)
5. Emergency dialysis
6. Replace of electrolyte imbalance