4 Transport

Question 1

root hairs

Answer 1

cells in plant root epidermis which increase surface area for water absorption

Question 2

guard cells

Answer 2

pairs of cells which open and close stomata

Question 3

stomata

Answer 3

pores in leaf epidermis for gas exchange and through which water is lost by transpiration

Question 4

transpiration

Answer 4

loss of water through stomata in leaves

Question 5

epidermis

Answer 5

layer of cells on outside of plant in which stomata in leaves and root hairs are found

Question 6

mesophyll cells

Answer 6

leaf cells where most photosynthesis occurs

Question 7

xylem

Answer 7

plant cells in which water and minerals are transported up the plant

Question 8

lignin

Answer 8

woody material which strengthens xylem walls to withstand pressure changes as water moves through a plant

Question 9

phloem

Answer 9

living cells which transport sugar up and down the plant

Question 10

oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer 10

2 gases transported in the blood

Question 11

right atrium

Answer 11

heart chamber which receives deoxygenated blood from the body

Question 12

left atrium

Answer 12

heart chamber which receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

Question 13

right ventricle

Answer 13

heart chamber which pumps blood to the lungs

Question 14

left ventricle

Answer 14

heart chamber which pumps blood to the body

Question 15

aorta

Answer 15

artery which takes oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body

Question 16

vena cava

Answer 16

vein which takes deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium

Question 17

pulmonary artery

Answer 17

blood vessel which takes deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

Question 18

pulmonary vein

Answer 18

blood vessel which takes oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Question 19

coronary artery

Answer 19

blood vessel which supplies the heart muscle with blood, oxygen, glucose etc.

Question 20

Blood pressure in artery

Answer 20

carry blood at high pressure

Question 21

Blood pressure in vein

Answer 21

carry blood at low pressure

Question 22

artery

Answer 22

blood vessel with thick muscular walls and a narrow central channel to carry blood at high pressure

Question 23

vein

Answer 23

blood vessel with thin walls and a wide central channel to carry blood at low pressure

Question 24

valves

Answer 24

structures in veins and heart to prevent backflow of blood

Question 25

capillaries

Answer 25

tiny blood vessels with thin walls which form networks with a large surface area for exchange of materials

Question 26

red blood cells

Answer 26

cells containing haemoglobin which carry oxygen

Question 27

rings of cartilage

Answer 27

structures in windpipe and other airways to keep them open

Question 28

alveoli

Answer 28

tiny air sacs in lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

Question 29

mucus

Answer 29

sticky substance in air passages which traps dirt and micro-organisms

Question 30

cilia

Answer 30

tiny hairs which sweep mucus up out of lungs

Question 31

peristalsis

Answer 31

process by which food is moved through the digestive system

Question 32

villus / villi (pl)

Answer 32

tiny finger like projections in the small intestine which increase the surface area for absorption of digested food

Question 33

lacteal

Answer 33

vessel in the villus which transports products of fat digestion

Question 34

blood capillary

Answer 34

vessel in villus which transports glucose and amino acids