4/ the cardiac cycle

Question 1

how relaxed are both ventricles during late diastole and do they fill actively or passively?

Answer 1

both sets of chambers are relate and ventricles fill passively

Question 2

what happens during atrial systole? where does the blood go?

Answer 2

atrial contraction forces a small amount of additional blood into ventricles

Question 3

what happens during isovolumic ventricular contraction?

Answer 3

first phase of ventricular contraction pushes AV valves closed but does not create enough pressure to open semilunar valves

Question 4

what happens during ventricular ejection phase?

Answer 4

as ventricular pressure rises and exceeds pressure in the arteries, the semilunar valves open and blood is ejected

Question 5

what happens during isovolumic ventricular relaxation?

Answer 5

as ventricules relax, pressure in ventricles falls, blood flows back into cusps of semilunar valves and snaps them closed

Question 6

between which two phases does S1 begin?

Answer 6

atrial systole/ ventricular systole (isovolumic ventricular contraction + ventricular ejection)

Question 7

when does S2 end?

Answer 7

after ventricular ejection

Question 8

how does stenosis of aortic or pulmonary valve or regurgitation through mitral or tricuspid appear on phonocardiogram?

Answer 8

constant murmur between systole and diastole (in that order)

Question 9

how does stenosis of mitral or tricuspid valve or regurgitation through aortic or pulmonary appear on phonocardiogram?

Answer 9

constant murmur between, diastole and systole (in that order)

Question 10

how does a septal defect appear on phonocardiogram?

Answer 10

constant murmur all the time, may muffle noise of valves closing

Question 11

look at slide 3 (cardiac cycle, monday 13th/02)/ wiggers diagram

Answer 11

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