4. Tenses (future)

Question 1

Will

Answer 1

a) Prediction (subjective)
-> You will pass the exam.
-> She will be a good teacher.
b) Spontaneous decision
-> You don´t understand? I´ll explain it to you.
-> Wait! I´ll help you.
c) Facts in the future
-> He will be 18 in June.
-> Everybody will die.

Question 2

To be going to

Answer 2

a) Plans, intentions
-> I am going to buy a new car.
b) Prediction based on evidence or fact (objective)
-> Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.
-> Look at Mary! She is going to have a baby.
-> Doctor: „This is going to hurt.“

Question 3

Present progressive

Answer 3

a) Arrangements already made (arranged future)
-> I´m seeing John tomorrow.
-> Where is Mary? She´s coming. (She phoned me.)
b) Timetable with transitional verbs + time adverbial
- (to arrive, leave, go, land…)
-> The bus is leaving at 5pm. / The bus leaves at 5pm.

Question 4

Present simple

Answer 4

a) Fixed events in the future (diary, calendar, schedule… future)
-> The meeting is tomorrow at 3pm.
-> My birthday is next Monday.
-> My bus leaves (is leaving) at noon.
b) After time and conditional conjunctions
-> When I see him, I´ll tell you.
-> If I pass the exam, I´ll be happy

Question 5

Future progressive

Answer 5

a) Action in progress at some moment in the future.
-> Tonight at 5 o´clock I´ll be watching TV.
b) Action in progress within a time interval in the future.
-> Tonight from 5 to 6 I´ll be watching TV.
c) Two actions in progress at the same time in the future.
-> While you are watching TV, I´ll be washing up.
d) Inevitable event, for sure, promise (polite)
-> I´ll be seeing you next week.

Question 6

Future perfect

Answer 6

Action completed by a specific time in the future
-> By the time you arrive, I´ll have done my homework.

Question 7

Future perfect progressive

Answer 7

Action in progress by a specific time in the future.
-> By the time I go to NY, I´ll have been learning EL for 3 years.

Question 8

Near future

Answer 8

a) To be just about to
-> Look at her! She is about to open the door
b) To be on the point of (verge of, brink of)
-> She was on the point of telling the truth when he came.
-> She is on the verge of tears (break down …). …..
-> …on the brink of extinction

Question 9

To be due to

Answer 9

Future requirements, duty, due - scheduled
-> Who else is (due) to come?
-> (kto to má spraviť?) Who is to do that?
-> due = povinné (emphasizing the duty)

Question 10

Special usage of future tense

Answer 10

a) Some modal verbs
– can, may, must
-> You may do it tomorrow.
b) Some semi-auxiliaries
- be sure to, be likely to, …
-> John is likely to come. (tomorrow)
c) Some full verbs
– hope, intend, plan…
-> I hope you come. (tomorrow)
d) Future time in the past
- All the phrases can be used also in the past tense (in indirect speech, narration …)
-> She was going to….,
-> She said that John would be….
-> Jane was about to …