4 - Sensory Systems and G-Proteins; Second Messengers and Effectors Flashcards
How many major families of G proteins are there?
4
What G-proteins are found in class I?
Gs and Golf
What do the G-proteins in class I do?
Activate AC
What G-proteins are found in class II?
Gi, Go, and Gt (transducin)
What do the G-proteins in class II do?
Inhibit AC, activate potassium channels, function in photoreceptors, etc.
What G-proteins are found in class III?
Gq
What do the G-proteins in class III do?
Activate phospholipase C-beta
What G-proteins are found in class IV?
G12/13
What do the G-proteins in class IV do?
Regulate actin cytoskeleton
In which class of G-proteins can the beta/gamma subunit also play a role?
Class II
True or false: our range is vision (in terms of light intensity) is fairly broad
True: we can detect light in many orders of magnitude
What happens in scotopic conditions?
No color vision, poor acuity
What does scotopic mean?
Vision in very low light settings
What cells are active in scotopic conditions?
Rods
What does mesopic mean?
Vision in fairly low light settings
What happens in mesopic conditions?
Start to use cones
What cells are active in mesopic conditions?
Rods and cones
What does photopic mean?
Vision in broad daylight
What happens in photopic conditions?
Good color vision, best acuity
What cells are active in photopic conditions?
Cones
How does perception and interpretation relate to vision?
The background and your expectations influences what we see
What is the path of light in the eye?
Goes through pupil and lens to shine on retina
What are the layers of the retina (in the same order that light would see them)?
Ganglion cells, bipolar cells, photoreceptor cells, endothelial cells
What cells connect to the nerve fiber in vision?
Ganglion cells