4. Schizophrenia

Question 1

DF: A psychotic disorder with a loss of touch with reality, usually including hallucinations and confusion

Answer 1

Schizophrenia

Question 2

Schizophrenia lifetime prevalence of 0.2-1.5%

Answer 2

Schizophrenia lifetime prevalence of 0.2-1.5%

Question 3

Onset of schizophrenia is earlier in _______ (15-25 years) than ______ (25-35 years)

Answer 3

Men; Women

Question 4

3 Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Answer 4

1. Positive
2. Negative
3. Disorganised

Question 5

DF: A sensory experience with the absence of environmental stimuli

Answer 5

Hallucination

Question 6

Most common type of hallucination out of:

Visual, Auditory, Olfactory and Tactile

Answer 6

Auditory

Question 7

DF: Fixed, false beliefs that are not consistent with a person’s cultural/societal background

Answer 7

Delusions

Question 8

4 Types of delusions

Answer 8

1. Grandeur
2. Persecution
3. Reference
4. Control

Question 9

DF: Reduced interest or ability to start an activity

Answer 9

Avolition

Question 10

DF: Reduced speech output

Answer 10

Alogia

Question 11

DF: Lack of pleasure in day to day activities

Answer 11

Anhedonia

Question 12

DF: Reduced ability to express emotions

Answer 12

Affective flattening

Question 13

DF: Lack of interest in social activities and relationships

Answer 13

Asociality

Question 14

DF: A variety of erratic behaviours that affect speech, motor behaviour and emotional reactions

Answer 14

Disorganised symptoms

Question 15

2 types of disorganised symptoms

Answer 15

1. Disorganised speech and thought

2. Disorganised motor behaviour

Question 16

Clinician-Rated Dimensions of _____________ Scale: Scored from 1-4 on the following symptom presentations:

1. Hallucinations
2. Delusions
3. Disorganised speech
4. Abnormal psychomotor behaviour
5. Negative symptoms
6. Impaired cognition
7. Depression
8. Mania

Answer 16

Symptom Severity

Question 17

Theoretical influence on Schizophrenia: Suggests brain injury early in the developmental period is a risk factor for later development of schizophrenia

Answer 17

Developmental

Question 18

Theoretical influence on Schizophrenia: Genes play a role in the development of schizophrenia

Answer 18

Genetic

Question 19

Theoretical influence on Schizophrenia: Brain structure and brain function abnormalities result in schizophrenia

Answer 19

Neurobiological

Question 20

Structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia:

Answer 20

Enlarged ventricles

Question 21

Brain functioning abnormalities in schizophrenia:

Answer 21

Under/overactivity in the prefrontal cortex

Question 22

Theoretical influence on Schizophrenia: People are born with a genetic vulnerability and certain circumstances can trigger this and make it worse

Answer 22

Psychological and social

Question 23

Acute ________ incidents may trigger the initial onset of illness as well as relapses

Answer 23

Stressful

Question 24

DF: Emotional communication style characteristed by high levels of criticism, expressed hostility and emotional overinvolvement

Answer 24

Expressed emotion

Question 25

Schizophrenia Treatment: 1st generation drugs. Effective for positive symptoms but ineffective for negative and cognitive symptoms

Answer 25

Dopamine antagonists

Question 26

Schizophrenia Treatment: 2nd generation drugs. Effective for both positive and negative symptoms

Answer 26

Serotonin-Dopamine antagonists

Question 27

Schizophrenia Treatment: Focus on social skills training, partial hospitalisation, behavioural programs, structured activity schedule

Answer 27

Psychosocial interventions

Question 28

Schizophrenia Treatment: Encompasses behavioural family therapy, CBT, provision of support

Answer 28

Psychotherapy