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Biology 100.02 (LT2) > 4 - Porifera > Flashcards

4 - Porifera Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two words that form Porifera?

A

pore + ferre (to bear)

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2
Q

What are the classes under porifera?

A

Calcarea
Hexactinellida
Demospongiae

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3
Q
  • marine
  • skeleton has calcareous spicules
  • spicules are either needle-shaped or 3-/4- rayed
  • all canal systems are represented
  • spicules are not differentiated
A

Calcarea

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4
Q
  • marine
  • usually deep-sea glass sponges
  • skeleton has 6-rayed siliceous spicules extending at right angles from a central point and united to form a network
  • body often cylindrical/funnel-shaped
  • syconoid/leuconoid arrangement
  • has megascleres and microscleres
A

Hexactinellida

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5
Q
  • Marine/freshwater
  • skeleton has either siliceous spicules, sponging fibers, or both
  • megasceres monaxon/tetraxon (NEVER 6-rayed)
  • microscleres of diverse type
  • leuconoid canal system
A

Demospongiae

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6
Q

Tiny pores for incoming water

A

Ostia

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7
Q

tiny openings for Water outlet

A

Oscula

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8
Q

How are the ostia and oscula connected

A

System of canals lined with specialized cells to perform various, independent functions

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9
Q

Covers the exterior surface of sponge

A

Dermal pinacoderm

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10
Q

Composition of dermal pinacoderm

A

Pinacocytes (thin layer of flat cells)

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11
Q

Incurrent pores

A

Ostia

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12
Q
  • where the ostia lead to
  • They end blindly near the inner surface of the body wall
  • Connected to radial canals
A

Incurrent canals

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13
Q
  • composition of incurrent canals

- Single layer of collared, flagellated cells

A

Choanocytes

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14
Q

Large central canal that radial canals lead into

A

Spongocoel

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15
Q

Minute pores that lead into the spongocoel

A

Apopyles

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16
Q

Matrix between pinacoderm and choanoderm

A

Mesohyl

17
Q
  • roaming cells that carry many functions (inc. distributing food to other cells, reproduction, production of sponge’s skeleton)
  • Composition of matrix
A

Amoebocytes

18
Q
  • Provide support & prevent collapse of hollow bodies, esp at great depths
  • Wide variety of forms, size, and degree or ornamentation
A

Spicules

19
Q

Two kinds of compositions of skeletal support of sponges

A

Calcareous

Siliceous

20
Q
  • Insoluble, sulphur-containing form of collagen

- Usually occurs as interwoven fibers

A

Spongin

21
Q

Which class usually has spongin?

A

Demospongiae

22
Q

How do freshwater sponges and some marine forms perform asexual reproduction

A

Through the formation of gemmules

23
Q
  • A hollow cyst-like ball of archeocytes/amoebocytes

- Covered with a tough coat of sponging with numerous siliceous spicules embedded to it.

A

Gemmules

Biology 100.02 (LT2) (1 decks)

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