4. Personalised Healthcare - Wellbeing Flashcards
what is personalised medicine
optimising treatment for individual patients by using sophisticated technologies to determine the best course of action e.g. ML for predicting the best dosage amount to treat AMR
e.g. cancer treatment is personalised by stage, age, size of radiation field
what are considerations for personalised medicine
- epigenetics
- environment & lifestyle
what are some benefits of personalised medicine
- biomarkers
- causes
- evidence to support early approval from regulatory bodies
what are the enabling technologies that improve patient care in personalised medicine
- wearables
- innovation in sensors
what is moore’s law
every 2 years, the number of transistors in electronic devices doubles
give an example of material innovation [not examinable?]
skin patches that detect electric signals from a wound, to then produce output signals and stimulate the healing process. it is a sticky patch that doesn’t need to be implanted
what is neural dust & what does it treat
- a fine dust-sized wireless sensor for implantation
- neural disorders e.g. epilepsy
why is neural dust important
it’s size reduces the irritation in the body that can be caused by larger devices
what is BCI
brain computer interface to collect data and research cognitive & motor functions
how can wearables fit into personalised & precision medicine
they provide a long term understanding of a patient because they tend to be worn long before presentation of symptoms. this can improve efficiency of treatment and delivery of care
how do smart medical homes contribute to personalised medicine
the lancet figure
how is wearable information integrated & examples
- apps with communication channels e.g. APIs
- PHR integration with EMR & EHR
- mayo clinic app
- bluejeans Telehealth
what is the cohort of patients for medical homes
- chronic
- disabled
- post-acute
- geriatric
what are the benefits of home hc
- reduced social isolation
- preventative health
- access to healthcare services
- lowered stress & care cost
discuss the built in sensors in a wearable device
apple watch:
HR = green LED and photodiodes to measure heart rate by blood flowing through wrist
accelerometer/gyroscope = motion, orientation, movement patterns
ECG = detection at wrist, Stanford study found 84% accuracy among most patients in detecting afib
SpO2 = red and infrared LEDs to assess blood colour and infer oxygen saturation
