4. Particle Model of Matter Flashcards
What is the Kinetic Theory?
The Kinetic Theory explains that all material in the Universe is made of very small particles.
It helps in understanding the properties of all materials, including living and non-living, in terms of the motion, separation, and interactions of these constituent particles.
How is the specific heat capacity of a substance defined, and what is its relationship with energy, mass, and temperature change?
The specific heat capacity of a substance is defined as the amount of energy required to change the temperature of one kilogram of the substance by one degree Celsius.
𝐸 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝜃
Define the specific latent heat of vaporisation. What is its relationship with energy and mass?
The specific latent heat of vaporisation of a substance is the amount of energy required to change the state of one kilogram of the substance from a liquid to a vapor with no change in temperature. specific latent heat of vaporisation = LV
equation:
𝐸 = 𝑚×𝐿𝑉
Explain the concept of energy transfer by conduction and convection.
Conduction involves the transfer of energy through a substance by the collision of particles.
Convection involves the transfer of energy through the movement of particles within a fluid.
How does the rate of energy transfer by heating depend on various factors?
The rate at which an object transfers energy by heating depends on its:
- surface area
- volume,
- the material from which the object is made
- the nature of the surface with which the object is in contact.
Explain the expansion of substances when heated and provide examples of its hazards and usefulness.
Most substances expand when heated. This expansion can be hazardous, such as in the expansion of roofs and bridges, or useful, such as in the functioning of a bi-metallic strip thermostat.
