4: LOGISTICS FUNCTIONS

Question 1

Anticipation

Answer 1

Anticipation, also called stockpiling, is the process of receiving seasonal products from multiple suppliers. Material is unloaded and stored in distribution centers until it’s required. It’s later loaded onto
outbound trucks and shipped to seasonal customers. Anticipation permits manufacturers to be more efficient by allowing them to level load production and eliminate their need for additional manufacturing
capacity during the peak season. Customers benefit by obtaining full TL transportation rates and it reduces seasonal product stockouts. Examples of anticipation are holiday lights, seasonal candy, or bottled
water needed for the summer months.

Question 2

Assembled products

Answer 2

Products that are made up of multiple components that are put together to create a finished item. Assembled products take up more floor space in a container or truck.

Question 3

Assortment

Answer 3

Assortment is the storing of products in a warehouse close to its customers. It’s similar to stockpiling, but has a wider range of goods such as clothing of different colors and sizes. Assortment permits customers to obtain shorter delivery lead times, reduces the need to process multiple small shipments, and allows the customers to obtain exactly their required product mix.

Question 4

Automated guided vehicle systems (AGVS)

Answer 4

A type of material handling system that uses self-guided vehicles to move materials around a facility. These vehicles can be programmed to follow specific routes and can be used to transport raw materials, work-in-progress, or finished goods.

Question 5

Automated storage and retrieval systems (ASRS)

Answer 5

A type of material handling system that uses automated equipment to store and retrieve materials from a storage facility. These systems can be used to store a wide variety of materials, including raw materials, work-in-progress, and finished goods.

Question 6

Backhauling

Question 7

Barge

Question 8

Birdyback

Question 9

Break-bulk

Question 10

Bridge crane

Question 11

Carrier

Question 12

Common carrier

Question 13

Consolidation

Question 14

Container on flatcar

Question 15

Containership

Question 16

Contract carrier

Question 17

Contract warehouse

Question 18

Conveyors

Question 19

Cross-docking

Question 20

Deadheading

Question 21

Delivery patterns

Question 22

Demurrage

Question 23

Direct-to-consumer

Question 24

Disassembled products

Question 25

Dwell time

Question 26

Exempt carrier

Question 27

Fishyback

Question 28

Fixed costs

Question 29

Forklift trucks

Question 30

Inspection

Question 31

Intermodal

Question 32

Land bridge

Question 33

Less-than-truckload (LTL)

Question 34

Line haul costs

Question 35

Live racks

Question 36

Mixing

Question 37

Nesting

Question 38

Packing

Question 39

Packing density

Question 40

Picked

Question 41

Pick-to-light systems

Question 42

Piggyback

Question 43

Postponement

Question 44

Private

Question 45

Private carrier

Question 46

Private warehouse

Question 47

Public carrier

Question 48

Public warehouse

Question 49

Put-away

Question 50

Receipt

Question 51

Recipient

Question 52

Retail delivery

Question 53

Robotics

Question 54

Ship

Question 55

Shipment reconciliation

Question 56

Shipper

Question 57

Shipping density

Question 58

Shipping patterns

Question 59

Sorting systems

Question 60

Spot stocking

Question 61

Stockpiling

Question 62

Stowability

Question 63

Tow line

Question 64

Tow tractors with trailers

Question 65

Trailer on rail flatcar

Question 66

Trainship

Question 67

Truckload (TL)

Question 68

Value density

Question 69

Variable costs

Question 70

Variable line-haul costs

Question 71

Wagon cranes