4. Investment Objectives & Strategy Flashcards
When developing an investment strategy, what will the advisor need to determine?
- Risk tolerance
- Investment preferences
- Liquidity requirements
- Time horizons
- Tax status
What are the four main investment objectives
- Income
- Income & Growth
- Growth
- Outright Growth
What is the risk-return relationship?m
The rule for investment that states that the potential for spectacular return can only arise if the investor takes a large amount of risk
What is systematic risk?
Also know as Market risk, this is the risk that the whole market moves in a particular direction. It is typically applied to equities and is brought about by economic and political factors.
It cannot be diversified away
What us interest rate risk?
This is the risk that an interest rate movement may bring about an advert movement in the value of an investment. It is particularly acute when the investment is a fixed-interest bond and the interest rate rises. Because of the inverse relationship between bonds and interest rates, the value of the bond will fall.
What is unanticipated inflation risk?
When inflation is more substantial than the investor expected, the value if the investments held may fall. Generally, bonds will suffer because the fixed cash payments that they deliver are less valuable.
What is Exchange rate (or currency) risk?
For investments that are denominated in a currency other than the base currency of the investor, an adverse exchange rate movement will create an adverse movement in the value of an investment.
What is liquidity risk?
If an investor needs to realise cash from their investment quickly, they may suffer from liquidity risk. This is the risk that the value may suffer because the investment needs to be sold immediately.
What is credit risk?
Investors in bonds face credit risk. This is the probability of the issuer defaulting on their payment obligations. Credit risk can be assessed by reference to the independent credit rating agencies, mainly Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch Ratings.
What are non investment grade bonds also know as?
Speculative or junk bonds
What is shortfall risk?
Shortfall risk relates to the inability of the investor to preach their financial goal. They may have been saving or investing in order to reach a target amount at some time in the future, such as to pay off a loan or mortgage, or to build up a particular level of retirement income.
Name 4 other risks faced by investors
- Equity capital risk
- Regulatory risk
- Income risk
- Reinvestment risk
Give some examples of possible investments for a no risk strategy
Cash deposits
Money market
Short-dated government bonds
Give some examples of possible investments for a low risk strategy
Fixed term deposits
Government bond funds
Guaranteed bonds
Give some examples of possible investments for a medium risk strategy
Bond funds
Equity funds
Global equity funds