4. Human Resources Flashcards

1
Q

4.1 Key terms - organisational structure

A

An organisational structure is the way a business arranges itself to carry out its activities.

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2
Q

4.1 Key terms - organisational chart

A

An organisational chart is a plan showing the roles of, and relationships between, all the employees in a business.

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3
Q

4.1 Key terms - line manager

A

A line manager is an employee’s immediate superior or boss.

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4
Q

4.1 Key terms - authority

A

Authority is the power to control others and to make decisions.

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5
Q

4.1 Key terms - span of control

A

The span of control is the number of employees managed directly by another employee.

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6
Q

4.1 Key terms - levels of hierarchy

A

Levels of hierarchy are the layers of authority within a business.

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7
Q

4.1 Key terms - chain of command

A

The chain of command is the line of authority within a business along which communication passes.

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8
Q

4.1 Key terms - delayering

A

Delayering is the removal of one or more levels of hierarchy from a business’s organisational structure.

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9
Q

4.1 Key terms - delegation

A

Delegation is the passing down of authority to more junior employees.

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10
Q

4.1 Key terms - communication

A

Communication is the exchange of information between two or more people.

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11
Q

4.1 Key terms - decentralisation

A

Decentralisation allows employees working in all areas of the business to take decisions.

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12
Q

4.1 Key terms - centralisation

A

Centralisation occurs when a small number of senior managers in a business take all the important decisions.

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13
Q

4.2 Key terms - Diversification

A

Diversification occurs when a business starts selling new products in new markets.

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14
Q

4.2 Key terms - retention

A

Retention is the proportion of a business’s workforce who remain with the business over a period of time, usually one year.

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15
Q

4.2 Key terms - recruitment

A

Recruitment is the process of finding and appointing new employees.

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16
Q

4.2 Key terms - selection

A

Selection is choosing the right employees from among those who have applied tor a job.

17
Q

4.2 Key terms - internal recruitment

A

Internal recruitment takes place when a job vacancy is filled from within the existing workforce.

18
Q

4.2 Key terms - job share

A

A job share exists when two or more employees agree to share the responsibilities of a single job.

19
Q

4.2 Key terms - zero hours contract

A

A zero hours contract allows employers to hire staff without any guaranteed hours of work.

20
Q

4.3 Key terms - motivation

A

Motivation is the range of factors that influence people to behave in certain ways.

21
Q

4.3 Key terms - job enrichment

A

Job enrichment is designing a job to give interesting and challenging tasks.

22
Q

4.3 Key terms - fringe benefits

A

Fringe benefits are the
‘extras’ that employees may receive in addition to their pay, for example, a company car.

23
Q

4.3 Key terms - piecework

A

Piecework is a method of payment under which employees are paid according to the quantity of products they produce.

24
Q

4.3 Key terms - national living wage

A

The National Living Wage is an hourly rate of pay which is set by the government. All employees above a certain age must receive at least this rate of pay.

25
Q

Salary vs wage

A

Salary is yearly, wage is hourly

26
Q

4.4 Key terms - training

A

Training is a range of activities giving employees job-related skills and knowledge.

27
Q

4.4 Key terms - induction training

A

Induction training is the training given to an employee when he or she first starts a job.

28
Q

4.4 Key terms - on the job training

A

On-the-job training is given in the workplace.

29
Q

4.4 Key terms - off the job training

A

Off-the-job training is provided outside the employee’s place of work.