4. Human Resources Flashcards
4.1 Key terms - organisational structure
An organisational structure is the way a business arranges itself to carry out its activities.
4.1 Key terms - organisational chart
An organisational chart is a plan showing the roles of, and relationships between, all the employees in a business.
4.1 Key terms - line manager
A line manager is an employee’s immediate superior or boss.
4.1 Key terms - authority
Authority is the power to control others and to make decisions.
4.1 Key terms - span of control
The span of control is the number of employees managed directly by another employee.
4.1 Key terms - levels of hierarchy
Levels of hierarchy are the layers of authority within a business.
4.1 Key terms - chain of command
The chain of command is the line of authority within a business along which communication passes.
4.1 Key terms - delayering
Delayering is the removal of one or more levels of hierarchy from a business’s organisational structure.
4.1 Key terms - delegation
Delegation is the passing down of authority to more junior employees.
4.1 Key terms - communication
Communication is the exchange of information between two or more people.
4.1 Key terms - decentralisation
Decentralisation allows employees working in all areas of the business to take decisions.
4.1 Key terms - centralisation
Centralisation occurs when a small number of senior managers in a business take all the important decisions.
4.2 Key terms - Diversification
Diversification occurs when a business starts selling new products in new markets.
4.2 Key terms - retention
Retention is the proportion of a business’s workforce who remain with the business over a period of time, usually one year.
4.2 Key terms - recruitment
Recruitment is the process of finding and appointing new employees.
4.2 Key terms - selection
Selection is choosing the right employees from among those who have applied tor a job.
4.2 Key terms - internal recruitment
Internal recruitment takes place when a job vacancy is filled from within the existing workforce.
4.2 Key terms - job share
A job share exists when two or more employees agree to share the responsibilities of a single job.
4.2 Key terms - zero hours contract
A zero hours contract allows employers to hire staff without any guaranteed hours of work.
4.3 Key terms - motivation
Motivation is the range of factors that influence people to behave in certain ways.
4.3 Key terms - job enrichment
Job enrichment is designing a job to give interesting and challenging tasks.
4.3 Key terms - fringe benefits
Fringe benefits are the
‘extras’ that employees may receive in addition to their pay, for example, a company car.
4.3 Key terms - piecework
Piecework is a method of payment under which employees are paid according to the quantity of products they produce.
4.3 Key terms - national living wage
The National Living Wage is an hourly rate of pay which is set by the government. All employees above a certain age must receive at least this rate of pay.
Salary vs wage
Salary is yearly, wage is hourly
4.4 Key terms - training
Training is a range of activities giving employees job-related skills and knowledge.
4.4 Key terms - induction training
Induction training is the training given to an employee when he or she first starts a job.
4.4 Key terms - on the job training
On-the-job training is given in the workplace.
4.4 Key terms - off the job training
Off-the-job training is provided outside the employee’s place of work.
