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HEMA1 > 4 - HEMA > Flashcards

4 - HEMA Flashcards

1
Q

Granulocytes

A

neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil

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2
Q

Cytoplasm of monocytes appear like a ___________ due to the tiny granules present

A

ground glass

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3
Q

those w/ segmented or lobulated nuclei – neutrophil, eosinophil & basophil

A

Polymorphonuclear

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4
Q

Has large purple to black azurophilic granules

A

Toxic granulation

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5
Q

Altered primary granules

A

Toxic granulation

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6
Q

A shift to the left in histogram is one of the associated conditions of this wbc cells.

A

Toxic granulation

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7
Q

Larger than 2 degree granules and stain dark blue black.

A

Toxic granulation

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8
Q

What enzyme is in the primary granules?

A

Myeloperoxidase

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9
Q

Other name for Amato bodies.

A

Dohle bodies

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10
Q

Blue, round, or mostly elongated bodies

A

Dohle bodies or Amato

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11
Q

It represents rRNA and not seen in cytoplasm except for may-hegglin anomaly.

A

Dohle bodies or Amato

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12
Q

Where is dohle bodies seen in cytoplasm?

A

May-Hegglin Anomaly

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13
Q

These are aggregates of free ribosomes.

A

Dohle bodies or Amato

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14
Q

Dohle bodies is seen in this due to increase activity of the cell.

A

Infections

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15
Q

An inherited condition where in the appearance of Amato is permanent.

A

May-Hegglin Anomaly

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16
Q

What is seen if RNA precipitates and seen as granules inside the WBC?

A

Amato bodies

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17
Q

Many presence indicates phagocytosis particularly the end stage.

A

Cytoplasmic vacuolation

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18
Q

What inclusion bodies is seen when there are Presence of many
toxic vacuoles containing the phagocytized material w/ the contents of lysosome or debris of the phagocytized material

A

Cytoplasmic Vacuolation

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19
Q

It represents end stage of phagocytosis.

A

Toxic vacuolation

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20
Q

It is describe as large empty areas within the cell.

A

Toxic vacuolation

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21
Q

Is is associated with more than or equal to 40% of infectious mononucleosis conditions.

A

ATYPICAL/ REACTIVE LYMPHOCYTE/ DOWNEY CELLS

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22
Q

Cells show foamy & abundant cytoplasm

A

ATYPICAL/ REACTIVE LYMPHOCYTE/ DOWNEY CELLS

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23
Q

This inclusion bodies is seen in kissing disease caused by Epstein barr virus.

A

ATYPICAL/ REACTIVE LYMPHOCYTE/ DOWNEY CELLS

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24
Q

Large, coarse blue – black granules in all WBCs

A

Alder Reilly Granulation

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25
Q

Abnormal polysaccharide granules which are not completely metabolize due to an enzyme deficiency (congenital disorder) which leads to non-
metabolism of mucopolysaccharide & prevents the formation of secondary granules

A

Alder Reilly Granulation

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26
Q

Alder Reilly Granulation is associated with this condition.

A

Mucopolysaccharidosis or Gargoylism

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27
Q

Resembles Dohle bodies but are permanently present

A

May Hegglin Anomaly

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28
Q

Presence of gray – blue spindle shaped inclusions in the cytoplasm of Neutrophils and Monocytes

A

May-Hegglin Anonamly

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29
Q

Associated conditions are leucopenia, variable thrombocytopenia, giant platelets.

A

May-Hegglin Anomaly

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30
Q

Squeezing through the circulation via endothelial lining.

A

Diapedesis

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31
Q

Impaired directional motility

A

Job’s Syndrome

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32
Q

Random movement of phagocytes is normal thus neutrophil may still move elsewhere but directional motility is impaired because cells respond slowly to chemotactic agents thus do not directly proceed to the chemical attractant.

A

Job’s Syndrome

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33
Q

This cytoplasmic changes gives more time for the bacteria to proliferate or cross the infection.

A

Job’s Syndrome

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34
Q

Both random and directional movement of the cells are defective thus neutrophil will only stay but the organism will approach the neutrophil thus phagocytosing it

A

Lazy Leukocyte Syndrome

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35
Q

Cells fail to respond to inflammatory stimuli but have normal phagocytic and bactericidal activity.

A

Lazy Leukocyte Syndrome

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36
Q

What are the non-malignant but defective in killing of microorganisms.

A

Chediak-Higashi Anomaly and Chromic Granulomatous Disease

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37
Q

What are the inherited abnormal granulocyte function?

A

Job’s Syndrome and Lazy Leukocyte Syndrome

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38
Q

Characterized by large, blue to grayish round granules or inclusions in Neutrophils that vary in size and color

A

Chediak - Higashi Anomaly

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39
Q

Chediak - Higashi Anomaly stains positive with

A

peroxidase, Sudan black B (SBB) and Acid phosphatase (ACP) stains

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40
Q

Primary granules contain the usual composition such as __________________________ but these are abnormally package, meaning they are normal in contents but abnormally package, thus appears as chediak-higashi anomaly.

A

peroxidase, sudan black b & ACP

41
Q

granules are normal in content but abnormally packaged thus it cannot perform its normal function

A

Chediak - Higashi Anomaly

42
Q

Phagocytes ingest all but cannot kill catalase (+) organism because of lack of appropriate respiratory burst

A

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

43
Q

Neutrophils have normal direct & random motility & phagocytosis

A

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

44
Q

reaction inside the neutrophil needed for the killing of organism.

A

Respiratory burst

45
Q

In respiratory burst the neutrophil is able to produce potent oxygen radicals like __________ for killing organisms. In _____________, the respiratory burst function of neutrophil is ________ or inappropriate thus inadequate production of H2O2 & O2 which are important bactericidal agent.

A

H2O2 & O2, chronic respiratory disease, decreased

46
Q

produce enzyme catalase which will breakdown H2O2 into H2O & O2

A

Catalase + Organisms: Staph aureus

47
Q

A monocyte (phagocyte) that engulf a lymphocyte (engulf material)

A

Tart Cell

48
Q

Formation is no known significance

A

Tart Cell

49
Q

a stimulated or atypical lymphocyte with denser and more opaque cytoplasm

A

Ferrata cells

50
Q

Associated with subacute bacterial edocarditis.

A

Ferrata cells

51
Q

a lymphocyte with notched, lobulated, segmented, clover – leaf like nucleus

A

Reider cell

52
Q

associated with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

A

Reider cell

53
Q

It is related to the presence of anti-nuclear antibody.

A

Lupus Erythematosus Cell

54
Q

Neutrophil engulf the lysed nucleus of another neutrophil containing a large purple homogenous round inclusion (phagocytized cell) with nucleus wrapped around the phagocytized material which occupies the entire cytoplasm of neutrophil thus neutrophils nucleus is pushed around the side appearing as a wrapping itself into the phagocytized cell

A

Lupus Erythematosus Cell

55
Q

Lupus Erythematosus cell occurs when there is

A

neutrophil, ANA or L.E. factor & nucleus of another neutrophil

56
Q

Affected by hairy cell leukemia

A

Hairy cell

57
Q

with abundant hair-like cytoplasmic projections

A

Hairy cell leukemia

58
Q

Round lymph cell with nucleus that is grooved or convoluted

A

Sezary cell

59
Q

Seen in Sezary syndrome which is an advanced case of ____________.

A

mycosis fungoides

60
Q

only skin is affected by T cells ; initial stage

A

Mycosis fungoides

61
Q

when affected T cell migrate deeper into the dermal layer, lymph nodes & visceral organs

A

Sezary syndrome

62
Q

Mononuclear cell w/ a brain-like nucleus or cerebriform nucleus & a narrow rim of cytoplasm

A

Sezary cell

63
Q

plasma cell with red to pink cytoplasm that appears like a flickering candle

A

Flame cell

64
Q

Flame cell is associated with ____________________________ which is a malignancy of plasma cell which is responsible for the production of Ig.

A

increase in IgA associated w/ multiple myeloma

65
Q

malignancy of plasma cell which is responsible for the production of Ig.

A

IgA associated with multiple myeloma

66
Q

plasma cell that contains small colorless (or blue or pink) vacuoles or globules

A

Grape cell / Mott cell / Morula cell

67
Q

It has large protein globules

A

Grape cell / Mott cell / Morula Cell

68
Q

Grape cell / Mott cell / Morula cell has a blue or pink protein that are excessively produced in

A

Multiple myeloma

69
Q

accumulation of IgG found in the cytoplasm & also seen in plasma cell

A

Russel bodies

70
Q

accumulation of IgG found in the cytoplasm & also seen in plasma cell

A

Russel bodies

71
Q

intracellular crystalline structures of abnormal IgG

A

Dutcher bodies

72
Q

Inclusions of nucleus

A

Dutcher bodies

73
Q

 Neutrophils have single or bilobed nuclei

The 2 lobes appear as a peanut or dumbbell shape or a pince-nez spectacles (pair of eye glasses)

A

Hypolobulation

74
Q

There is a decreased segmentation as seen in pelger huet anomaly.

A

Hypolobulation

75
Q

Hypersegmentation is abnormal in size and in lobulation and large as

A

macropolycyte

76
Q

Abnormal DNA synthesis as seen in megaloblastic anemia.

A

Hypersegmentation

77
Q

shrunken and dehydrated nucleus of cells that are about to die

A

Pyknotic cells

78
Q

Has thumbprint appearance

A

Smudge cell

79
Q

A nuclear remnant of lymphocytes

A

Smudge cell

80
Q

Associated w/ Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

A

Smudge cell

81
Q

Nuclear remnants of granulocytic cell as seen in chronic granulocytic anemia.

A

Basket cell

82
Q

Drumstick like body protrudes away from some of segments of neutrophils & attached on one of the lobes of neutrophil nucleus

A

Barr body

83
Q

Indicate an extra X chromosome & seen in females

A

Barr body

84
Q

Seen in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

A

Auer rods

85
Q

 Fused primary granules seen in immature neutrophils
 If seen in bundles this are called faggot cells

A

Auer rods

86
Q

represents the non-metabolized mucopolysaccharide. It is associated w/ the enzyme deficiencies

A

Alder Reilly granules

87
Q

Enzyme deficiencies in mucopolysaccharidoses.

A

I Hurler’s (most common)
IV Morquio – Ullrich
II Hunter’s
V Scheie
III Sanfilippo
VI Maroteaux – Lamy

88
Q

In gaucher’s disease, there is a lack of ___________ resulting inability to metabolized ______________ which will accumulate of in the ______________________.

A

glucosidase, glucocerebroside, spleen, liver and bone marrow

89
Q

cytoplasm is distended with many glucocerebroside; sponge-like
appearance, crinkled or crumpled tissue paper

A

Gaucher cells

90
Q

Most common lipid disorder.

A

Gaucher cells

91
Q

Has foamy appearance.

A

Niemann-Pick disease

92
Q

Niemann - Pick disease is characterized by the deficiency of
________________ resulting to accumulation of sphingomyelin and cholesterol in the macrophages

A

sphingomyelinase

93
Q

w/ non-metabolized lipid-rich granules that stain blue green with polychrome stains

A

Sea - Blue histrocytes

94
Q

Signs and symptoms of sea - blue histrocytes

A

Heparomegaly and thrombocytopenia

95
Q

Sea blue histrocytes is characterized by the accumulation in the _______________________ giving an appearance of blue sea.

A

Spleen and BM of histocytes

96
Q

lack of a-galactosidase resulting to accumulated glycolipid trihexosyl ceramide but will not give an unusual appearance of macrophage

A

Fabry’s disease

97
Q

In Fabry’s disease, the lack of ________________ resulting to accumulated ________________________ but will not give an unusual appearance of macrophage

A

a-galactosidase, glycolipid trihexosyl ceramide

98
Q

deficiency of acid esterase resulting to accumulation of TG and cholesterol

A

Wolman disease

99
Q

Patient is unable to produce HDL (good cholesterol) which responsible for the metabolism of the cholesterol by bringing it into the liver to prevent hypercholesterolemia, as a result, cholesterol esters accumulate

A

TANGIER’S DISEASE

HEMA1 (3 decks)

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