*4 Globalization - Technology Flashcards
an interrelated set of technologies associated with particular sets
of raw materials, energy sources, production processes, and transport modes (distribution)
Techno-Economic Paradigm
successive cycles of growth and decline in
industrial economies based on rates of change in price inflation and deflation (i.e. movement of
commodity prices) for about 50 to 60 years
Long Waves or Kondratiev Waves (K-Waves)
means by which people and things are moved from place to place
Transportation Systems
means by which information is transmitted from place to place
Communication systems
a global communications network linking sources of stored information
internet
reduction of travel or transmission time
time-space convergence
reduction of travel or transmission costs
cost-space convergence
typical sequence through which a product passes as it ages - from its
market introduction to its replacement
Product Life Cycle (PLC)
a method of organizing economic production, income distribution,
consumption, and public goods/services (i.e. a production system enabling capital accumulation)
Regime of Accumulation
mass production (assembly-line process) and mass consumption of standardized
commodities at a controlled pace (i.e. controlled volume and speed)
Fordism
scientific management of labour/tasks (time and motion studies) whereby planning
by administrators and production is done by workers
Taylorism
a manufacturing process allowing rapid redesign or retooling in order to
produce small runs of niche products (mass customization) using efficient processes that involve
little or no inventory supervision or coordination
Flexible Production
producing several goods on the same assembly line (rather than at
different plants) thereby reducing unit costs
economies of scope
a form of flexible production involving smaller organizational units
(craft production), small-scale production, and small (local) markets areas
flexible specialization
method of inventory control in which materials and parts are
acquired at the precise moment when they are needed at various stages of assembly
JIT (Just-in-time) production
Each K-wave is associated with different… (4)
- technologies (new processes and products)
- infrastructures (new transportation and communication systems)
- organizational types (new firms and/or restructuring of existing firms)
- geographic centres (new places of innovation, production and consumption)
(From next one, Ch.5, because there was only one)
a process involving a global focus (i.e. every locality is global) which results in
the integration of world markets into national economies
Glocalization
Match the Description to one of the 5 K-Waves:
Early Mechanization. Major new technologies included water and wind power, cotton textiles, and iron smelting.
K1
Match the Description to one of the 5 K-Waves:
Steam power and railway - also steam production!
K2
Match the Description to one of the 5 K-Waves:
Electrical and Heavy Engineering. Oil and electrical power, chemicals, motor vehicles (automobiles), and the telephone.
K3
Match the Description to one of the 5 K-Waves:
Fordist Mass-Production - nuclear power, (micro)electronics, synthesis materials, petrochemicals (plastics), aerospace
K4
Match the Description to one of the 5 K-Waves:
Information and Communication - information/communication technologies (digital communications), bio-technologies, virtual reality
K5?
Definiton:
“The process of producing goods using machines, typically in large-scale factory settings. This method relies on mechanized systems, assembly lines, and automation to maximize efficiency and output”
machinofacture
Definition:
“the process of making products by hand or with simple tools, often involving skilled labour and craftsmanship – typically associated with pre-industrial and early industrial production methods “
Manufacture
