4 - Come together Flashcards
What does the endosymbiosis theory show
A phagocytic archaea engulfed a prokaryote
What organelle devleoped as a result of endosymbiosis
- Mitochondria - 70S ribosomes=evolved from bacteria
- Chloroplast
What are the Lokiarchaota
Our closest living archean relative - are living in deep-sea vents.
They showed cytoskeleton which enabled them to do phagocytosis
What did the cynabacteria diverge into
Protoalga - which diverged into :
1. Glaucophyta
2. Rhodophyta
3.Viridiplantae/Chlorophyta
Describe features of the Glaucophyta
1.Considered to be most similar to ancestral protoalga
2. Chlorphyll A and Phycobillisomes (light-haervesting proteins seen in the cynabacteria)
3. Also have a THIRD peptodoglycan layer
What light harvesting proteins did cyanobacteria have
Chlorophyll A
Phycobillisomes
What are the features of the Rhodophyta
Also known as the red algae
- Contain chlorophyll a and phycobillisomes
- Do not have any from of cell wall around their chloroplasts
What are the features of viridiplantea
Also known as the green algae
1.NO phycobillisomes
2. Instead they contain the 2 distinct forms of Chlorophyll -A and Chlorophyll B
Give an example of an endosymbiotic relationship in current modern day
- The most well known example is that seen in the corals of coral reefs, which form a relationship with a different group of algae, dinoflagellates calledzooxanthellae.
+Relationship between them:
The alga is an important source of carbon to the polyps which house it, and the chlorella is provided in return with a secure fixed environment and a supply of inorganic nutrients.
Problems:
In recent years, there has been growing concern about coral bleaching. When corals are stressed, for example by high temperature, they eject the algae from their cells.
Why do different groups of organisms contain organelles with varying number of membranes
Different number of layers has resulted from repeated endosymbiosis events
