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Y10 AQA Chemistry > 4. Bonding > Flashcards

4. Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

The 3 types of bonding are…

A

Ionic, Metallic, Covalent

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2
Q

Ionic bonding happens by…

A

A transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal to form a 3D lattice

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3
Q

An ionic bond is…

A

the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

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4
Q

In forming an ionic bond the metal…

A

Looses electrons (is oxidised) to become a positive cation

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5
Q

In forming an ionic bond the non-metal…

A

Gains electrons (is reduced) to become a negative anion

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6
Q

The melting point of ionic compounds is..

A

high because of the strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

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7
Q

MgO has a higher melting point than NaCl because…

A

2 electrons are transferred in MgO compared to 1 in NaCl therefore there is a stronger electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

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8
Q

Ionic compounds and conduction…

A

Don’t conduct when solid because the ions aren’t free to move. Do conduct when molten or dissolved because the ions are free to move.

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9
Q

Covalent bonding happens by…

A

Two or more non-metals sharing a pair of electrons

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10
Q

A covalent bond is…

A

A shared pair of electrons held in place by the attraction between the electrons and the nuclei of the atoms either side

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11
Q

A stick diagram for HCl looks like…

A

H-Cl

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12
Q

A stick diagram for H2 looks like…

A

H-H

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13
Q

A stick diagram for H2O looks like…

A

H-O-H

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14
Q

A stick diagram for O2 looks like…

A

O=O

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15
Q

A stick diagram for CO2 looks like…

A

O=C=O

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16
Q

The pros and cons of a stick diagram are…

A

Pro: Shows all the bonds and the type (single, double etc)
Con: Doesn’t show 3D shape or correct bond angles

17
Q

The pros and cons of a dot and cross diagram are…

A

Pro: shows which atoms the electrons in the bond come from
Con: Doesn’t show relative size or shape of molecule

18
Q

A metallic structure can be described as…

A

Layers of positively charged cations surrounded by a sea of ‘delocalised’ electrons

19
Q

Metals are held together by…

A

strong electrostatic forces of attraction between cations and the delocalised electrons

20
Q

Metals can conduct because…

A

The delocalised electrons are free to move

21
Q

Metals are malleable because…

A

The layers of ions can slide over each other without breaking the attraction to the delocalised electrons

22
Q

Metals have high melting points because…

A

There are strong electrostatic forces of attraction between cations and the delocalised electrons

23
Q

A molecule is…

A

Two or more atoms joined together in an individual unit with a set number of atoms

24
Q

A lattice is…

A

A regular array of atoms or ions with no set number

25
Q

Covalent molecules and melting point…

A

Low melting point because there are only weak intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules that require little energy to overcome

26
Q

Simple covalent molecules and melting point…

A

Low melting point because there are only weak intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules that require little energy to overcome

27
Q

Simple covalent molecules and conduction…

A

Don’t conduct because not charged particles to move

28
Q

Examples of giant covalent networks

A

Diamond and Graphite

Y10 AQA Chemistry (4 decks)

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