4 Bacterial PNA 1 & 2 Flashcards
Pneumonia is defined as …
Inflammation of the lung and parenchyma, including the alveoli, respiratory bronchioles, etc
PNA with involvement of the entire lobe
Lobar pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia is just the bronchi?
PNA is usually due to an infectious agent, such as…
BACTERIA
Fungi
Viruses
Parasites
6th leading cause of death in the US
PNA - most common infectious cause of death
How does mortality rate from PNA different in outpatient vs inpatient settings?
1% in outpatient
Up to 25% in infections requiring hospital admission
The two major categories of PNA
Hospital acquired (nosocomial) - develops within 72 hours of admission
Community acquired (CAP)
Community acquired PNA is further subdivided into what two categories?
Typical (usually Strep pneumo, H flu, K pneumo, or Staph aureus)
Atypical (usually Zoonotic, nonzoonotic, or with extrapulmonary involvement)
3 zoonotic pathogens that cause atypical PNA
Chlamydia psittaci (psittacosis) Francisella tularensis (tularemia) Coli Ella burnetii (Q fever)
3 non-zoonotic pathogens that cause atypical PNA
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Legionella pneumoniae
Atypical PNA is usually unresponsive to …
ß-lactams
Also, difficult to diagnose
Typical or Atypical PNA: Sudden onset
Typical
Typical or Atypical PNA: Gradual onset
Atypical
Typical or Atypical PNA: Sick appearing, high fever (>103)
Typical
Typical or Atypical PNA: Well appearing, lower fever (<103)
Atypical
Typical or Atypical PNA: Chills/shaking
Typical
Typical or Atypical PNA: Productive cough
Typical
Typical or Atypical PNA: Non-productive cough
Atypical
Typical or Atypical PNA: Pleurisy
Typical
Typical or Atypical PNA: Consolidation (well-defined infiltrates)
Typical
Typical or Atypical PNA: Patchy, ill-defined infiltrates
Atypical
Typical or Atypical PNA: Chest pain, SOB
Typical
Typical or Atypical PNA: Body aches, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Atypical
Gram-positive, lancet-shaped diplococcus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Alpha-hemolytic colonies
Streptococcus pneumoniae