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AQA GCSE Physics Weydon > 4. Atomic Structure > Flashcards

4. Atomic Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

1. Draw and label an atom. Include the mass and charge of the subatomic particles.

A

1

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2
Q
  1. What is the atomic number?
A
  1. Number of protons (equal to number of electrons)
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3
Q
  1. What is the mass number?
A
  1. Number of protons + number of neutrons
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4
Q
  1. Why do atoms have no overall charge?
A
  1. Same number of protons (positive) and electrons (negative)
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5
Q
  1. What do atoms gain or lose to form ions?
A
  1. Electrons
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6
Q
  1. What is an isotope?
A
  1. Different number of neutrons (same number of protons)
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7
Q
  1. Which subatomic particle did JJ Thomson discover?
A
  1. Electron
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8
Q
  1. Draw and label a sketch of the plum pudding model of the atom
A

8.

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9
Q
  1. What experiment did Ernest Rutherford do?
A
  1. Fired alpha-particles at gold foil to see whether they went through or were deflected or bounced back.
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10
Q
  1. What did this experiment by Rutherford prove?
A
  1. That the atom was mostly empty space with a very small positive nucleus
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11
Q
  1. Which model of the atom did Rutherford propose?
A
  1. The nuclear model (positive nucleus - but he didn’t know about protons or neutrons)
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12
Q
  1. What did James Chadwick discover about atoms?
A
  1. Neutrons
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13
Q
  1. What are the three types of radiation emitted by a radioactive substance?
A
  1. Alpha , beta, gamma
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14
Q
  1. Which two types of radiation are deflected by electric and magnetic fields and why?
A
  1. Alpha and beta particles because they are charged particles
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15
Q
  1. Which type of radiation is most ionising?
A
  1. Alpha particles (they have the highest charge)
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16
Q
  1. If a radioactive substance is absorbed inside the body, which is most dangerous and why?
A
  1. Alpha particles – they are very ionising
17
Q
  1. Which is the most penetrating?
A
  1. Gamma waves
18
Q
  1. What is the half-life of a radioactive substance?
A
  1. The time it takes for the amount of radioactive nuclei to halve (or the activity of the radioactive source to halve)
19
Q
  1. What is the mass of an alpha particle?
A
  1. 4
20
Q

19 What is an alpha particle?

A
  1. 2 protons, 2 neutrons (a helium nucleus)
21
Q
  1. What is a beta particle?
A
  1. An electron from the nucleus of the atom!
22
Q
  1. What the charge on an alpha particle?
A
  1. +2
23
Q
  1. What is the charge on a beta particle?
A
  1. -1
24
Q
  1. What is gamma radiation?
A
  1. An electromagnetic wave

AQA GCSE Physics Weydon (4 decks)

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