4. Arterial supply to the brain

Question 1

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Answer 1

Question 2

which arteries supply the following areas?

Answer 2

blue: anterior cerebral artery
yellow: middle cerebral artery
red: posterior cerebral artery

Question 3

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Answer 3

Question 4

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Answer 4

Question 5

Name the 2 major arteries that give rise to the anterior and posterior brain circulations

Answer 5

Anterior : ICAs

Posterior : vertebral arteries

Question 6

What are the 2 main branches of the ICA? What does each supply?

Answer 6

1. ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY: most medial portions of frontal and parietal lobes, inc. medial homonculus (lower limbs)
2. MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY: maj. of lateral cerebral hemispheres
   - lateral frontal + parietal lobes, inc. lateral homonculus (upper limbs and face)
   - superior temporal lobes, inc. visual pathways

Question 7

Which arteries supply the basal ganglia? Why is this area of the brain susceptible to stroke?

Answer 7

LENTICULOSTRIATE ARTERIES: branches of middle cerebral artery.

Very small calibre so susceptible to emboli.

Question 8

How are the 2 anterior cerebral arteries connected? What is the importance of this?

Answer 8

Via ANTERIOR COMMUNICATING ARTERY.

Forms the CIRCLE OF WILLIS - supplies collateral circulation to anterior brain (though not perfect).

Question 9

What do the 2 vertebral arteries give rise to?

Answer 9

Comme through foramen magnus, ascend clivus and merge to form BASILAR ARTERY.

Question 10

Which basilar artery branches supply the posterior brain?

Answer 10

POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERIES - supply posterior temporal lobe and occipital lobe (visual function).

Question 11

How are the anterior and posterior brain circulations connected?

Answer 11

POSTERIOR COMMUNICATING ARTERIES: from posterior cerebral arteries to ICAs.

Question 12

Describe the blood supply to the cerebellum.

Answer 12

Branches of basilar artery:

1. SUPERIOR CEREBELLAR ARTERIES
2. ANTERIOR INFERIOR CEREBELLAR ARTERIES
3. POSTERIOR INFERIOR CEREBELLAR ARTERIES

Question 13

Describe the blood supply to the brainstem.

Answer 13

1. PONTINE BRANCHES of basilar artery - supply pons
2. Cerebellar arteries have to so round brainstem to reach cerebellum so also supply brainstem.

Question 14

How is the anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord supplied?

Answer 14

Vertebral arteries give off a small branch to form ANTERIOR SPINAL ARTERY