4-Application of Rates and Equilibrium

Question 1

How does an increase in temperature affect the size of equilibrium constant?

Answer 1

The equilibrium position of an exothermic reaction tends to move to the left (K decreases)

Question 2

How does a decrease in temperature affect the size of equilibrium constant?

Answer 2

The equilibrium position of an exothermic reaction tends to move to the right (K increases)

Question 3

How is pressure normally increased in a reaction?

Answer 3

Decreasing the volume in which they are reacting

Question 4

How does an increase in pressure affect the size of equilibrium constant?

Answer 4

Tends to move the reaction in the direction that will decrease the number of moles of gas

Question 5

How does a decrease in pressure affect the size of equilibrium constant?

Answer 5

Tends to move the reaction in the direction that will increase the number of moles of gas

Question 6

How do catalysts affect the position of equilibrium?

Answer 6

Affect forwards and reverse reactions equally so have no overall effect
Allows equilibrium to be reached more easily

Question 7

How are reacting quantities changed in equilibrium?

Answer 7

Adding or removing substances from the equilibrium mixture

Question 8

How does adding a substance affect the position of equilibrium?

Answer 8

Tends to move in the direction that will use up the added substance

Question 9

How does removing a substance affect the position of equilibrium?

Answer 9

Tends to move in the direction that will replace the substance removed

Question 10

What is the equation for the Haber process? What catalyst is used?

Answer 10

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g)

Iron

Question 11

How can atom economy be worked out?

Answer 11

Mass of atoms in desired products/ mass in reactants x100%

Question 12

How can atom economy be controlled?

Answer 12

Capturing and recycling used reactants

Using more efficient alternative reactions