4 - Acids and Redox Flashcards
What’s is the Equation for a Metal + Acid?
Metal + Acid —> Metal Salt + Hydrogen
What’s is the Equation for a Metal Oxide + Acid?
Metal Oxide + Acid —> Salt + Water
What’s is the Equation for a Metal Hydroxide + Acid?
Metal Hydroxide + Acid —-> Salt + Water
What’s is the Equation for a Metal Carbonate + Acid?
Metal Carbonate + Acid —-> Metal Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Water
What ions do Acids produce in a aqueous solutions?
+
H
What ions do Alkalis produce in a aqueous solutions?
-
OH
What is the formula for Hydrochloric Acid and it’s ending for Salts?
HCl
Chloride
What is the formula for Sulfuric Acid and it’s ending for Salts?
H SO
2 4
Sulphate
What is the formula for Nitric Acid and it’s ending for Salts?
HNO
3
Nitrate
What is the formula for Ethanoic Acid and it’s ending for Salts?
CH COOH
3
Ethanoate
What are common bases?
Metal Oxides, Metal Hydroxide and Metal Carbonates.
What is the formula for Sodium Hydroxide?
NaOH
What is the formula for Potassium Hydroxide?
KOH
What is the formula for Ammonia?
NH
3
What are Acids and what happens when they are mixed with water?
A species that releases H+ ions in aqueous solution. Acids are proton donors.
What do bases do?
Bases do the opposite of acids, Proton acceptors and want to grab H+ ions.
What are Alkalis and what do they release?
Bases that are soluble in water known as alkalis, they release OH- ions in the solution.
What are strong acids?
The acid completely dissociate/ionise in water, all H+ ions are released.
What are Weak Acids?
An acid that dissociates only partially in solution. Only few H+ ions are released.
What is a Base?
A compound that neutralises an acid to form a salt.
What is Neutralisation?
The reaction between an acid and a base to produce a salt.
What is a Salt?
The product of a reaction in which the H+ ions from the acid are replaced by metal or ammonium ions.
What is the difference between strong bases and weak bases?
In a strong base nearly all OH- are released whereas a weak base only a few OH- ions are released.
What is an oxidation number?
A measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bonds with atoms of another element. Oxidation numbers are derived from a set of rules.
What is the oxidation state?
The oxidation number.
What is oxidation?
Loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number.
What is redox reaction?
A reaction involving reduction and oxidation.
What is Reduction?
Gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number.
What is the reducing agent?
A reagent that reduces (adds electron to) another species.