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Spring '14-133 Quiz 6 > 4/8 Infants and Toddlers Who Have Hearing Loss > Flashcards

4/8 Infants and Toddlers Who Have Hearing Loss Flashcards

1
Q

What are the risk factors for hearing loss in infants and toddlers?

A
  • Family history
  • Low birth weight
  • Low Apgar scores
  • In utero infection
  • Ototoxic medications
  • Ventilator use for more than five days
  • Craniofacial anomalies
  • Syndrome
  • Meningitis
  • Hyperbilirubinemia
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2
Q

T/F: 3 children per 1000 have sensorineural hearing loss as a birth defect?

A

true

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3
Q

T/F: An additional six per 1000 children acquire sensorinueral hearing loss as a birth defect by school-age

A

true

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4
Q

When looking at pre-lingual hearing loss, what age range is critical for speech & language dev.?

A

Birth - 3 years

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5
Q

What does UNHS stand for?

A

Universal Newborn Hearing Screening

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6
Q

What is the protocol for the Universal Newborn Hearing Screening ?

A

Pass or Refer

False-negative pass screening, but has hearing loss

Refer for complete audiological exam –> False-positive fail screening, but pass exam

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7
Q

Discuss the research done by Yoshinaga-Itano et al., 1998, 2001

A

Four of five identified via UNHS

When hearing loss identified by six months or age or younger, they experience better language, speech, and social-emotional skills

Better language means less parental stress

Language similar to nonverbal cognitive development

Language development –> Low to average through five years of age

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8
Q

When evaluating hearing, what is the method dependent upon?

A

The child’s age

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9
Q

How many times should we do follow-up testing?

A
  • 2 - 4 times /year
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10
Q

Who counsels parents about test results?

A

Aud

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11
Q

What are non-behavioral testing?

A

Otoscopy

Tympanometry

Acoustic Reflex

Auditory Brainstem Response

Otoacoustic Emission

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12
Q

What does ABR stand for? & what does this include?

A

Auditory Brainstem Response

Electrophysiological that elicits brainwave activity

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13
Q

What is the most comprehensive test for identifying infants?

A

Auditory Brainstem Response

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14
Q

Who is ABR performed on?

A

Sleeping children

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15
Q

What is ABR measured in terms of?

A

Latency

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16
Q

Within ABR, what does wave V correlates to ______ to ______HZ?

A

1500 - 4000 Hz

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17
Q

What does OAE stand for?

A

Otoacoustic Emissions

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18
Q

What does OAE include?

A
  • Spontaneously emitted sound
  • Screen for newborns other than audiologist
  • Pass/Refer
  • Tests 2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 Hz
  • Record OAEs for hearing better than 30 to 40 dB
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19
Q

What is BOA? & What is another name for BOA?

A
  • Behavioral Observation Audiometry

- Auditory Behavior Index (ABI)

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20
Q

What does BOA include?

A
  • Observation of child’s response to sound
  • Does not test hearing threshold
  • Responses vary amongst babies
  • Habituation to sound
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21
Q

What does VRA stand for? What does this encompass?

A
  • Visual Reinforcement Audiometry
  • Six months to two and one-half years of age
  • Able to obtain individual ear information
  • Based on operant-conditioned response
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22
Q

T/F: VRA includes the observation of child’s natural tendency to turn to sound?

A

True & Spontaneous head turn positively reinforced

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23
Q

What does CPA stand for? & what type of behavior will we observe?

A
  • Conditioned Play Audiometry

- “Wait & listen” behavior

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24
Q

When is the prenatal onset?

A

Occurs before birth

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25
What is the perinatal onset?
Occurs at birth
26
What is the postnatal onset?
Occurs after birth
27
What is Non-Genetic Causes?
- Intrauterine infection - Rh-factor complications - Pre-maturity - Maternal diabetes - Parental radiation - Toxemia - Toxoplasmosis - Anoxia - Syphilis
28
What does Intrauterine infection consist of?
- Member of herpes virus - Common virus infecting adults - First exposure during pregnancy high risk for infant - Babies born asymptomatic - Microcephaly
29
What are genetic causes?
- Half of congenital hearing loss - Modes - Syndromic vs. non-syndromic - Configuration of audiogram - Bilateral vs. unilateral - Progression of hearing loss - Affect on vestibular system
30
What does modes consist of?
- autosomal dominant - autosomal recessive - x-linked
31
What is a syndrome that is autosomal dominant?
Waardenburg
32
What is the syndrome that is autosomal recessive?
Usher's
33
What is the syndrome that is x-linked?
Alport
34
What are other disabilities?
- Cognitive delays - Vision impairment - Learning disabilities - Attention deficit disorder
35
What does CAPD stand for and was is it?
- Central Auditory Processing Disorder - Central cause - Not peripheral hearing loss - Transmission of signal from brainstem to cerebrum - May or may not know cause - Difficult to diagnose
36
What are the behaviors associated with CAPD?
Difficulty with: - Localizing sound - Auditory discrimination - Recognizing auditory pattern - Associating meaning to sound - Listening in noise - Understanding distorted signal - Music rhythm and melody - Auditory memory
37
What does auditory neuropathy affect? & what type of hearing loss is there?
- peripheral auditory system | - mold to moderate
38
Within auditory neuropathy, is there OAEs present?
Yes
39
T/F: ABR is absent or abnormal in auditory neuropathy
True
40
In auditory neuropathy will clients have great speech recognition skills?
No, they will have poor speech recognition skills
41
Individuals with what disorder may exhibit a mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss with speech-recognition abilities disproportionate to the degree of hearing loss?
Auditory Neuropathy or Auditory Dys-Synchrony
42
What is neuropathy?
A disconnection between the peripheral hearing mechanism and the central mechanism.
43
What is Auditory Dys-Synchrony?
A dysfunction of the connection between the peripheral hearing mechanism and the central hearing mechanism.
44
When is it good to provide counseling for parents?
- Diagnosis at or soon after birth - Deaf babies with deaf parents - Deaf babies with hearing parents - Audiologist may serve as counselor - Initial reactions of shock, denial, and grief - Guilt and anger may follow denial - Acceptance - Begin working with hearing loss
45
What does FAPE stand for? & who was it intended for?
- Free & appropriate Public Education | - 3 to 18 yrs old
46
What are IDEA provisions?
- Identification - Evaluation - Individualized Education Plan (IEP) - Parents as participants - Related services - Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) - Private school placement - Early intervention and preschool - Due process - Advisory board - Funds - Records
47
What does IFSP stand for?
Individualized Family Service Plan
48
What does the IFSP include?
- Early intervention services for birth to three years of age - Alta Regional Center - Emphasis on family involvement in process
49
What does the IFSP state?
- Child’s levels of development - Family concerns, priorities, and resources - Outcomes and progress monitoring - Intervention services and how often provided - Environment providing early intervention (EI) services - Medical home - Start date and duration of services - Service coordinator - Plan for transitioning to preschool
50
What are two communication modes?
- ASL - Manually coded English - Aural/Oral language - Multiple-sensory approach - Unisensory - Cued speech
51
What does amplification consist of?
- Fit HAs as soon as hearing loss identified - Typically fit BTEs and use ALDs - Verify fitting with real-ear measurements (RECD) - Parents learn listening check - May be able to perform speech testing by three years of age
52
What are the tests for validation?
- Early Listening Function (ELF) | - Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS)
53
When do you schedule a follow-up visit after a HA fitting?
One month
54
How often do you schedule follow-up visits in the first year?
Every 2 - 3 months
55
How often do you schedule follow-up visits after the first year?
Every 4 - 6 months
56
What are a few other things you want to do during a follow-up visit?
- Assess unaided hearing - to make sure you are getting accurate results - Assess aided responses - Ensure functionality of devices
57
In 1990, cochlear implants were approved for who?
children
58
What type of recipients perform better with cochlear implants?
Younger
59
T/F: Cochlear implants were approved for 12 mod of age with profound loss?
true
60
T/F: Cochlear implants were approved for 18+ mod with severe to profound loss?
true
61
What is the protocol for cochlear implants?
- Parents contact CI program - Audiologist counsels parents - Evaluate hearing, auditory skills, - HA benefit, and communication - Schedule and perform surgery - Conduct initial CI fitting - Mapping - Schedule regular follow-up visits - Initiate AR program - CHATT Center
62
What is a type of early intervention?
Family selects the program: - Home-based - Center-based

Spring '14-133 Quiz 6 (1 decks)

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