4/4 - Science Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 main layers of the Earth.

A
  • Inner Core
  • Outer Core
  • Mantel
  • Crust
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2
Q

What are the two main elements in the Earth’s inner and outer core?

A
  • Iron
  • Nickel
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3
Q

Which part of the Earth’s layers make the tectonic plates?

A

The crust and the upper mantle

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4
Q

What is the name for this combination of rock that makes up the tectonic plates?

A

Lithosphere

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5
Q

How much do the tectonic plates move each year?

A

1.5 centimeters

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6
Q

What causes tectonic plates to move?

A

Convection currents in the mantle

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7
Q

What part of the mantle causes the tectonic plates to move?

A

Asthenosphere

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8
Q

What causes the magma in the lithosphere to move?

A

Convection currents

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9
Q

What are the 3 main types of plate boundaries?

A
  • Divergent
  • Convergent
  • Transform
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10
Q

How do Divergent boundaries move?

A

The plates move away from each other

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11
Q

How do Convergent boundaries move?

A

The plates move towards each other

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12
Q

How do Transform boundaries move?

A

The plates slide past each other

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13
Q

What are the 2 types of crust?

A
  • Oceanic
  • Continental
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14
Q

Which type of crust is denser? Oceanic or Continental?

A

Oceanic

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15
Q

What is oceanic crust made of?

A

Basalt rock

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16
Q

What is subduction?

A

When one tectonic plate slides under another

17
Q

If an oceanic plate and continental plate collide what happens?

A

The oceanic plate will slide under because it is denser

18
Q

What tectonic plate do we live on?

A

North American Plate

19
Q

What natural disasters can happen at a plate boundary?

A

Earthquakes and volcanos

20
Q

What landforms can be found at plate boundaries?

A
  • Mountains
  • Trenches
  • Ridge
21
Q

Tonga volcano

A
  • In the South Pacific Ocean.
  • Caused a tsunami.
  • Air quality was affected.
22
Q

San Francisco earthquake

A
  • In California
  • San Andreas Fault
  • On the edge of the Pacific and North American Plates
23
Q

What type of boundary formed the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?

A

Divergent boundary

24
Q

What type of boundary formed the Himalayas?

A

Convergent boundary

25
What is the Ring of Fire in the Pacific Ocean?
Many volcanos and earthquake activities on the edge of the Pacific Ocean
26
How old is the Earth?
About 4.5 billion years old
27
What are the 3 types of rocks?
- Igneous - Sedimentary - Metamorphic
28
How are igneous rocks made?
Cooling of magma or lava
29
How are sedimentary rocks made?
Layers of sediment are pressed together over time with a lot of pressure
30
How are metamorphic rocks made?
Preexisting rock is altered through heat and pressure