4/4 - Science Quiz Flashcards
Name the 4 main layers of the Earth.
- Inner Core
- Outer Core
- Mantel
- Crust
What are the two main elements in the Earth’s inner and outer core?
- Iron
- Nickel
Which part of the Earth’s layers make the tectonic plates?
The crust and the upper mantle
What is the name for this combination of rock that makes up the tectonic plates?
Lithosphere
How much do the tectonic plates move each year?
1.5 centimeters
What causes tectonic plates to move?
Convection currents in the mantle
What part of the mantle causes the tectonic plates to move?
Asthenosphere
What causes the magma in the lithosphere to move?
Convection currents
What are the 3 main types of plate boundaries?
- Divergent
- Convergent
- Transform
How do Divergent boundaries move?
The plates move away from each other
How do Convergent boundaries move?
The plates move towards each other
How do Transform boundaries move?
The plates slide past each other
What are the 2 types of crust?
- Oceanic
- Continental
Which type of crust is denser? Oceanic or Continental?
Oceanic
What is oceanic crust made of?
Basalt rock
What is subduction?
When one tectonic plate slides under another
If an oceanic plate and continental plate collide what happens?
The oceanic plate will slide under because it is denser
What tectonic plate do we live on?
North American Plate
What natural disasters can happen at a plate boundary?
Earthquakes and volcanos
What landforms can be found at plate boundaries?
- Mountains
- Trenches
- Ridge
Tonga volcano
- In the South Pacific Ocean.
- Caused a tsunami.
- Air quality was affected.
San Francisco earthquake
- In California
- San Andreas Fault
- On the edge of the Pacific and North American Plates
What type of boundary formed the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
Divergent boundary
What type of boundary formed the Himalayas?
Convergent boundary
What is the Ring of Fire in the Pacific Ocean?
Many volcanos and earthquake activities on the edge of the Pacific Ocean
How old is the Earth?
About 4.5 billion years old
What are the 3 types of rocks?
- Igneous
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
How are igneous rocks made?
Cooling of magma or lava
How are sedimentary rocks made?
Layers of sediment are pressed together over time with a lot of pressure
How are metamorphic rocks made?
Preexisting rock is altered through heat and pressure
