4 Flashcards
Define Batch production
A method of production where one type of production is made and then production is switched to make a a different production
Flow production
Production of one product that takes place continuously using a production assembly line. It is sometimes called mass production
Job production
A method of production where products are made individually
Production processes
The three methods or processes of production -job batch and flow
What are the three methods of production
Job production, batch production, flow production
What are the advantages and disadvantages of job production
+ – Item is likely to be of a high-quality and is a one-off bespoke item
– The business can often charge a high price and make a profit
– – Can be a high cost method of production especially if it requires especially skilled workers to produce them
– Production may be slow and the customer may have to wait for the product
What are the advantages and disadvantages of batch production
+ – Batches can be varied to meet the needs of different customers
– There are no storage costs if goods are made to order
– It is cheaper than job production
– – Machines need resetting between different batches which costs money
– Stocks of raw materials may be needed
– Tasks may be repetitive and boring for workers leading to motivation in staff retention problems
What are the advantages and disadvantages of flow production
+ – Large quantities are produced for sale
– The business may gain economies of large-scale production which can reduce unit costs
– Use of machinery/automation can reduce costs
– Use of computer controlled machinery allows some variation in products
– – mass-produced goods may not be of high quality
– The business may need to store large stocks of materials ready for use on the production line
– Production can be disrupted for example by mechanical breakdown
– Tasks may be repetitive and boring for workers leading to motivate motivation and staff retention problems
What are the three uses of technology in production
– Computers – E.G.keeping accounts on spreadsheets, writing letters
– Automation – a machine to fill paint cans and put lids on,Sensors to control heating systems, sensors used to automatically control the direction and speed of a vehicle
– Robotics – welding tightening bolts and paint spraying
What are some advantages of using technology in production
– Machines can replace workers reducing cost
– workers productivity is increased as computers help them to work faster and produce more which reduces cost
– waste is reduced as machines are usually more accurate than humans – production can be flexible as machines can be programmed to change what is produced
– technology can operate 24/7
– human safety is improved as machines can do dangerous jobs
– new technology can lead to new products of businesses to sell
What are the disadvantages of using technology in production
– The business may need to recruit skilled labour to program the computers which control production
– Workers may need to be retrained to work with the new technology and training cost money
– machines can breakdown, disrupting production
– new technology can be expensive to buy
– customers may not like automation for example automated telephone response systems
– the storage of data about customers must meet the requirements of data protection laws
What are the three concepts of quality
– Is fit for purpose
– complies with all relevant legal requirements
– does what the customer expects
What are the benefits of providing quality goods and services
– Waste is reduced
– the business gains a good reputation
What are the advantages of quality control
– Shops poor quality and goods and services being sold
– production continual inspection takes place – output is not affected – producing good quality products will improve reputation of this business
What are the disadvantages of quality control
– It does not prevent waste
– inspection can be costly
– it does not encourage workers to be responsible for quality
