4-1-13

Question 1

Serum cell markers of cell damage to remember. 1) AST, ALT. 2) CK-MB. 3) Amylase, lipase. 4) Alkaline phosphatase

Answer 1

1) Liver damage.
2) Heart damage.
3) Pancreatic damage. Amylase also salivary gland damage.
4) Biliary tract obstruction and bone.

Question 2

Psammoma bodies found in?

Answer 2

Meningiomas.

Papillary carcinomas of the thyroid and ovary.

Question 3

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency

Answer 3

Lack of CD18 (B2 integrin)
Autosomal recessive
will have recurrent bacterial infection.
Also will see delay in umbilical cord sloughing off.

Question 4

Important Neutrophil chemotactic factors

Answer 4

C5a. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4). IL-8. Bacterial products.

Question 5

Important opsonins

Answer 5

C3b complement product.
Fc portion of IgG.
Plasma proteins such as Collectins.

Question 6

Chediak-Higashi syndrome

Answer 6

Defect in phagocytosis d/t defect in chemotaxis and degranulation. Will see giant granules inside the neutrophils. Also characterized by Neutropenia.

Question 7

Name 2 deficiency in oxygen-depentent killing?

Answer 7

1- Chronic Granulomatous disease

2- Myeloperoxidase deficincy.

Question 8

Chronic Granulamotous disease

Answer 8

Defiency in NADPH Oxidase => lack of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide.
Recurrent bacterial infection with CATALASE-Positive organism (S.aureus).
Nitroblue tetrazolium test will be negative.

Question 9

Myeloperoxidase deficiency

Answer 9

Characteirized by infections with Candida.

Question 10

Examples of Granulomatous diseases

Answer 10

Tuberculosis. Cat-scratch fever, syphylis, leprosy, fungal infections (coccidioidomycosis), parasitic infections (schistosomiasis), foreign bodies, beryllium and sarcoidosis.

Question 11

In CML look for an increase in… count

Answer 11

Neutrophils

Question 12

In CLL look for an increase in … count

Answer 12

Lymphocyte

Question 13

In late stages of CLL and CML look for an increase in… count

Answer 13

Both can show an increase in “Blasts”

Question 14

In Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) look for a…

Answer 14

Pancytopenia: abnormal decrease in all cell types during hematopoeises.

Question 15

testis (and ovary) drains to what lymph nodes?

Answer 15

The lumbar (para-aortic) lymph nodes are found on either side of the abdominal aorta

Question 16

SLE is what type of Hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 16

Type 3 = Immune-complex mediated hypersensitivity reaction

Question 17

Drug induced thrombocytopenia-think

Answer 17

Heparin

Question 18

what drug inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase ?

Answer 18

Warfarin.

Several clotting factors (factors II, VII, IX, and X) depends on Vit. K to work properly.

Question 19

hereditary angioedema?

Answer 19

• autosomal dominant disorder of C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency.
• C1INH normally prevents inappropriate activation of the complement system.

Question 20

Hodgkin disease cd markers

Answer 20

CD15, CD30

-Reed-Sternberg cell (“owl eye” cell), which is characteristic cell in Hodgkin’s disease.