3s: Infection CPC Flashcards
What abx do you give for severe CAP?
co-amoxiclav and clarithromycin
What can you see in PCP CXR, CT and clinical feature
CXR fairly normal, CT ground-glass, SoBOE (SpO2 tends to drop on exertion more)
How do we treat PCP?
- co-trimoxazole = trimethoprim + sulphamethoxazole
- clindamycin + primaquine + IV methylprednisolone
Opportunistic HIV infections
Common and uncommon infectious agent sin the immunodeficiency
Common agents (e.g. pneumococcus)
Uncommon infectious agents (often ubiquitous but cause no problem in immunocompetent patients)
- Atypical mycobacteria Fungal
- Viral (CMV, HSV [i.e. reactivation]) Other (e.g. toxoplasmosis)
Causes of immunodeficiency
Actinomyces lung abscess
- Gram-positive rod that branches
- Causes lung abscesses in immunocompromised patients
- These infections tend to be indolent, go on for a long time, and are very difficult to treat
- This means it is hard to grow in the labs so, notify the histopathologist and microbiologist that you are worried about actinomyces so they can start growing ASAP
What abx for S. aureus? e.g. in SSI, osteomyelitis and septic arthritis
flucloxacillin (IV in osteomyelitis)
Surgical site infection summary
osteomyelitis summary
Prosthetic joint infection summary
C. diff summary
3Cs= cephalosporins, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin
Actions taken:
- Isolate in single room
- Assess severity
- Stop offending ABx if possible
- Wash hands with soap and water before and after each patient contact and use gloves and apron
- Commence C. difficile care pathway, fluid balance chart and Bristol stool chart
ix = faeces culture
C. diff guidelines, imperial
C. diff guidelines, imperial
what toxins does c. diff make? (2)
- One toxin damages the epithelial cells (cytotoxin) → neutrophil infiltration of tissues
- The other disrupts the tight junctions → loss of fluid within the bowels
- Pseudomembranous colitis because you are left with fibrous plaques and damaged material which looks like membranes
