3rdQ2ndSEM

Question 1

defined as the kinetic energy of the molecules of the substance.

Answer 1

Heat

Question 2

together form the basics which helped process
designers and engineers to optimize their processes and harness the energy
associated with chemical reactions economically.

Answer 2

Heat
and the thermodynamics

Question 3

flows from
higher temperature to lower temperature

Answer 3

Heat energy

Question 4

done by a system is defined as the quantity of energy exchanged
between a system and its surroundings.

Answer 4

Work

Question 5

is completely governed by
external factors such as an external force, pressure or volume or change in
temperature etc.

Answer 5

Work

Question 6

The relationship between the two concepts can be analyzed through the topic of Thermodynamics, which is the scientific

Answer 6

study of the interaction of heat and other types of energy.

Question 7

cannot be created nor destroyed, but it can be converted or
transferred.

Answer 7

Energy

Question 7

With the interactions of ____, ____, and ________ ______, there are energy
transfers and conversions every time a change is made upon a system.
However, no net energy is created or lost during these transfers.

Answer 7

heat, work and internal energy

Question 8

refers to all the energy within a given system, including
the kinetic energy of molecules and the energy stored in all of the chemical
bonds between molecules.

Answer 8

Internal energy

Question 9

refers to the energy content within the system.

Answer 9

Internal Energy

Question 10

The energy represents the overall energy of the system and may include
many forms of energy such as

Answer 10

potential energy, kinetic energy etc.

Question 11

refers to the energy content within the system.

Answer 11

Internal Energy

Question 12

The internal energy of a system may change when?

Answer 12

• Heat passes into or out of the system,
• Work is done on or by the system or matter enters or leaves the system.

Question 12

interact with each other and depending on
the type of the system, exchange of matter and energies occur.

Answer 12

surrounding and universe

Question 12

defines a system as the part of the universe under study
that is the part where observations are made.

Answer 12

Thermodynamics

Question 13

entirely depends on the movement of energy
and matter in or out of the system.

Answer 13

system’s classification

Question 14

three types of system:

Answer 14

1. Open System
2. Closed System
3. Isolated System

Question 15

Those systems where the
exchange of energy, as well as
matter takes place, are treated
as an open system. For example,
water is boiled on a stove
without it being covered, the
container behaves as an open
system because it receives heat
energy from an external source
and the matter being released
are water vapours.

Answer 15

Open System

Question 16

neither energy nor matter can be exchanged
between the system and the surrounding. An example of this system
is a Thermos flask.

Answer 16

Isolated System

Question 16

It
can also be said that a closed system has
a constant amount of matter and only the
energy of the system can be changed.

Answer 16

Closed System

Question 16

is referred to the system
where only energy can be exchanged with
the surrounding and not the matter.

Answer 16

Closed System

Question 17

when we keep a shield bottle of
water in the fridge, the loss of energy to
the surrounding will result in the
temperature of the water inside it going
down even though the quantity of water
in the bottle remains the same.

Answer 17

Closed System

Question 18

Due to the absorption of energy when chemical bonds are broken, and the
release of energy when chemical bonds are formed, chemical reactions almost
always involve a change in energy between products and reactants.

Answer 18

By the Law of Conservation of Energy

Question 19

The
energy change in a chemical reaction is due to the difference in the amounts
of stored chemical energy between the products and the reactants.
This stored chemical energy, or heat content, of the system is known as its?

Answer 19

enthalpy

Question 20

releases heat and light into their surroundings.

Answer 20

Exothermic Reaction

Question 21

absorbs heat and/or light from their surroundings.

Answer 21

Endothermic Reaction

Question 21

An example of combustion reactions are usually? Exothermic or Endothermic

Answer 21

Exothermic

Question 22

An example of decomposition reactions are usually? Exothermic or Endothermic

Answer 22

Endothermic

Question 23

___________ reaction is said to have a positive enthalpy of
reaction.

Answer 23

endothermic

Question 24

play a
crucial role in both
endothermic and
exothermic reactions
by lowering the
activation energy
required for the
reaction to occur.

Answer 24

Catalysts

Question 25

they
do not affect the
overall change in
enthalpy of the
reaction

Answer 25

catalysts speed

Question 26

Laws of Thermodynamics

Answer 26

• Zeroeth Law
• First Law
• Second Law
• Third Law

Question 27

Conservation of energy

total
energy
equal

Answer 27

First Law

Question 28

Two system in equilibrium with a third system are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Answer 28

Zeroeth Law

Question 29

Entropy of an isolated system always increases

Answer 29

Second Law

Question 30

Entropy of a system approaches a constant as temperature approaches absolute zero.

Answer 30

Third Law

Question 31

Energy can change forms, but is neither created nor destroyed.

Answer 31

First Law

Question 32

According to this law, some heat given to the system is used to change the
internal energy while the rest is used in doing work by the system.

It can be represented mathematically as:

ΔQ = ΔU+W

Answer 32

First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 33

hot ===> heat flow ===> cold

Answer 33

Second Law

Question 34

a