3RDQ MASTERY TEST 2 Flashcards
1
Q
reading is a process of decoding
A
printed symbols
2
Q
what does it mean when we say reading is a process of decoding printed symbols
A
to convert symbols into an interpretable language
3
Q
reading gets meaning from
A
printed page
4
Q
reading is a process of communication between
A
the author and the reader
5
Q
the reader understands the material
A
bottom-up approach
6
Q
the reader also — meaning on the printed page
A
assigns
7
Q
in the top-down approach, the reader uses their
A
schema
8
Q
prior knowledge
A
schema
9
Q
there is constant communication between the reader and the material:
A
negotiation
10
Q
why is reading not a simple process
A
because it does not end in decoding
11
Q
reading is a — process
A
complex
12
Q
a text is bound by a number of factors, so reading is
A
situationally bound
13
Q
the reading process involves the
A
kwl chart and sq3r
14
Q
a three-column chart that serves as a graphic organizer to help you learn
A
kwl chart
15
Q
what does kwl stand for
A
know, want, learned
16
Q
kwl chart can also be
A
kwhl
17
Q
kwhl stands for
A
know, want, how, learned
18
Q
meaning of sq3r
A
survey, question, read, recite, review
19
Q
what are the fundamental reading skills
A
rapid reading, previewing, literal reading, inferential reading, critical reading
20
Q
aims to locate specific information or main ideas in a very short period of time
A
rapid reading
21
Q
what are the stages you will go through when reading
A
pre-reading, during reading, post-reading
22
Q
involves drawing on your background knowledge by looking at the title
A
pre-reading
23
Q
aims to motivate the readers to read and to activate their schema
A
pre-reading
24
Q
skills used are previewing, freewriting, surveying, questioning, making assumptions, identifying the purpose, etc
A
pre-reading
25
may reread the text until you fully understand its meaning
during reading
26
skills used are getting the meaning of words through context clues, predicting, inferencing, monitoring comprehension, annotating the text, reflecting, etc
during reading
27
check your understanding of the text
post-reading
28
skills used are reflecting, summarizing, paraphrasing, drawing conclusions, making graphic organizers, journal writing, etc
post-reading
29
what are under rapid reading
skimming, locating the main idea, scanning
30
aims to get the main idea and overview of the material
skimming
31
involves identifying the central message of a reading selection
locating the main idea
32
aims to get specific information from a given text
scanning
33
a skill wherein a reader looks over a material and focuses on the information he/she finds
previewing
34
allows readers to set the purpose and link the content of the material to their background knowledge
previewing
35
involves the understanding of ideas and facts that are directly stated in the printed material
literal reading
36
what are under literal reading
note-taking, paraphrasing, summarizing
37
condensing a lengthy text into a shorter passage
summarizing
38
restating ideas from the original text
paraphrasing
39
get the essence of the text and still retain the same information
summarizing
40
refers to the process of deducing facts and ideas not directly expressed in the text
inferential reading
41
aka reading between the lines
inferential reading
42
inferential reading includes making these
generalizations, inferences, conclusions
43
applied during the during reading stage
inferential reading
44
an idea drawn from facts or details in the text
inference
45
refers to the close and thorough evaluation of the claims in the text in terms of relevance, validity, and logic
critical reading
46
this skill includes distinguishing facts from opinions and detecting logical fallacies
critical reading
47
other types of reading
developmental, pleasure, functional, remedial
48
aims to develop the students’ reading skills
developmental reading
49
primarily aims to provide enjoyment and entertainment
pleasure reading
50
to help students learn basic functional reading ability
functional reading
51
aims to correct the effects of poor teaching and learning
remedial reading
52
more passive type of reading
pleasure reading
53
most popular tool in generating creative and rich ideas
brainstorming
54
helps people establish patterns of ideas, develop new ways of thinking, activate background knowledge, and overcome initial mental block
brainstorming
55
can be performed before, during, and after reading
brainstorming
56
2 types of brainstorming
individual and group
57
produce more ideas
individual brainstorming
58
focus on others' ideas
group brainstorming
59
2 methods in brainstorming
idea listing and idea map
60
it involves listing ideas on a particular topic
idea listing
61
it can also help in finding the main idea and supporting details from the ideas listed
idea listing
62
this strategy is appropriate to textual people or those who are more comfortable in processing words than visuals
idea listing
63
it is a visual presentation of ideas and their connections with one another
idea map
64
central idea is in the middle with different branches that refer to the supporting ideas
idea map
65
more structured
idea map
66
visual representations of concepts that helps structure info into organizational patterns
graphic organizers
67
presents essential information and connect into a coherent framework
graphic organizers
68
helpful tools for brainstorming, facilitating, promoting, and accessing knowledge
graphic organizers
69
helps focus your attention on key elements
graphic organizers
70
types of graphic organizers
venn diagram, network tree, spider or semantic map, problem-solution map, persuasion map, fishbone map, timeline, plot-diagram, series of events chain, cycle
71
compares and contrasts ideas
venn diagram
72
represent hierarchy, classification, and branching
network tree
73
showing relationships of scientific categories, family trees, and lineages
network tree
74
investigate and enumerate various aspects of a central idea
spider map
75
displays the nature of the problem and its solutions
problem-solution map
76
usually contains the problems description, causes & effects, and logical solution
problem-solution map
77
show how events occurred chronologically
timeline
78
a timeline can be
linear or comparative
79
how events happened within one period
linear
80
2 sets of events that happened at the same period
comparative
81
to map events in a story
plot diagram
82
analyze major parts of a plot
plot diagram
83
parts of a plot diagram
a. exposition
b. inciting moment
c. rising action
d. climax
e. falling action
f. resolution
84
initial parts where basic information about the story is established
exposition
85
brings about the change or the conflict
inciting moment
86
where conflict and characters are developed
rising action
87
highest point of the story
climax
88
major conflicts are confronted
climax
89
lead to the closure of conflicts
falling action
90
the events immediately following the climax
falling action
91
conclusion or closure of the story
resolution
92
show logical sequences of events
series of events chain
93
used to better understand the causal relationship of a complex phenomenon
fishbone map
94
shows the factors that cause a specific event or problem, as well as details of each cause
fishbone map
95
how a series of events interact to produce a set of results repeatedly
cycle
96
map out arguments
persuasion map
97
useful when processing persuasive or argumentative texts
persuasion map
98
used out map out arguments and evidence that prove a viewpoint
persuasion map
99
it is a tool for organizing ideas
outline
100
used not only as a pre-writing strategy but also as a post-reading activity
outline
101
two types of outline
decimal and alphanumeric
102
only uses numbers labels
decimal outline
103
uses both letters and numbers as labels
alphanumeric outline
104
4 principles in writing an effective outline
coordination, subordination, division, parallel construction
105
requires ideas of the same relevance need to be labeled in the same way
principle of coordination
106
shows minor details should be placed under their respective major details
principle of subordination
107
requires that no cluster should contain only one subheading
principle of division
108
requires all entries should use the same structure and format
principle of parallel construction
109
two kinds of outline according to structure
topic and sentence
110
uses words and phrases for its entries
topic outline
111
used if ideas being discusses can be arranged in a number of ways
topic outline
112
uses complete sentences for its entries
sentence outline
113
you use this when the topic being discussed is complicated and requires a lot of details
sentence outline
114
logical arrangement of ideas
pattern of development
115
helps you follow ideas easily and understand a text better
pattern of development
116
types of pattern of development
definition, exemplification, description (sensory and spatial), chronology/procedure, listing, comparison-contrast, classification and division, cause and effect, problem-solution, persuasion
117
species, genus, differentia
definition
118
description
species
119
classification
genus
120
uniqueness
differentia
121
clarifies and explains concepts
definition
122
provides an example of something
exemplification
123
presents the main idea in a general statement and then provides specific and concrete examples to expound on it
exemplification
124
provides details on the idea by using either a sensory or spatial pattern
description
125
based on one or all of the five senses
sensory pattern (description)
126
based on location or physical space
spatial pattern (description)
127
organizes ideas or events according to time
chronology/procedure
128
chronology/procedure can be in what forms
narration or a process
129
sequences events in the order in which they occurred in time
narration (chronology/procedure)
130
organizes details based on stages or steps
process (chronology/procedure)
131
enumeration
listing
132
does not have the element of time
listing
133
presents a series of items that supports a main idea
listing
134
organizes ideas based on how events, places, people, things, and concepts are similar to or different from one another
comparison-contrast
135
comparison-contrast can be arranged in two ways namely
separately or side-by-side
136
describes one first followed by the other
separately (comparison-contrast)
137
discusses both items based on each point of comparison
side-by-side (comparison-contrast)
138
organizes ideas into categories based on criteria and standards
classification and division
139
takes note of the superordinate and subordinate
classification and division
140
name of the larger group
superordinate
141
subcategories of a large group
suborbinate
142
organizes details based on the cause, reason, and the result or consequences of a certain phenomenon
cause and effect
143
what graphic organizer can be used in defining something
spider map
144
graphic organizers used for cause and effect
```
fishbone map
single cause, multiple effects
single effect, multiple causes
multiple causes, multiple effects
alternating causes/effects in a chain (domino effect)
```
145
organizes ideas into problems and proposed solutions
problem-solution
146
shows how a set of evidence leads to a logical conclusion or argument
persuasion
147
presents the issue, position, and the supporting evidences
persuasion
