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Bio quiz of DNA > 3rd week > Flashcards

3rd week Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

DNA becomes what?

A

protein

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2
Q

RNA is what?

A

uses DNA to make proteins

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3
Q

contrast DNA and RNA

A

DNA: t, Nucleus, 2 strand
RNA: u, cytoplasm and nucleus, single strand

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4
Q

what are the types of RNA?

A

messenger, ribosomal, and transfer

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5
Q

What is mRNA?

A

carries instructions, uses DNA as a template, nucleus to cytoplasm, read in “codons”, straight chain

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6
Q

What is tRNA?

A

1 anticodon: 3 bases, carries one specific amino acid, transfers amino acids to the ribosome, cloverleaf shape, delivery truck that picks up supplies

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7
Q

What is rRNA?

A

globular shape, combines amino acids to form a protein, workers

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8
Q

What is RNA polymerase?

A

binds to DNA, separates the strands, and creates complementary strand of mRNA

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9
Q

what is translation? and where is it located at?

A

using mRNA to build a chain of amino acids and it’s located in the ribosome in the cytoplasm

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10
Q

what does codon mean?

A

3 bases on mRNA. codes for 1 amino acid

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11
Q

what does anti-codon mean?

A

three bases on tRNA

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12
Q

what does amino acid mean?

A

building blocks of proteins

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13
Q

in cytoplasm, mRNA attaches to what?

A

ribosome

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14
Q

what does ribosome read?

A

mRNA, 1 codon at a time

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15
Q

The amino acid is brought to the ribosome by what?

A

tRNA, with complementary anticodon

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16
Q

when does the amino acid chains stop growing?

A

until a stop codon is reached

17
Q

compare and contrast DNA and RNA polymerase

A

DNA P: T nucleotide, 2 strands, DNA helicase
both: enzymes , nucleus, builds and revised new strands
RNA P: u nucleotide, builds 1 strand, transcription

18
Q

compare and contrast codon and anticodon

A

codon: mRNA, built during transcription in nucleus, used in translation
both: RNA, 3 bases, A, C, G, U
anticodon: tRNA, using during translation, complementary to codon

19
Q

compare and contrast transcription and translation

A

transcription: Occurs in nucleus, makes mRNA from DNA, MRNA is built
both: used mRNA, in a cell, needed for protein synthesis
translation: Occurs in the cytoplasm, uses mRNA to build a chain of amino acid, no enzymes are involved

Bio quiz of DNA (3 decks)

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