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Science 10 > 3rd quarter > Flashcards

3rd quarter Flashcards

1
Q

The three functions of the nervouse system (main concept)

A

Sensation
Integration
Response

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2
Q

Divisions of the CNS

A

Brain and Spinal Cord connects to the –> PNS

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3
Q

Divisions of the PNS

A

Nerves
Somatic Nervous system
Autonomic Nervous system

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4
Q

Divisions of the Autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic

Parasympathetic

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5
Q

nerve system that controls the voluntary movements

A

Somatic

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6
Q

nerve system that controls involuntary movements

A

Autonomic

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7
Q

nerve system that arouses the body to expand energy (fight or flight)

A

sympathetic

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8
Q

nerve system that calms the body to conserve energy

A

parasympathetic

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9
Q

main processing center of the body

A

CNS

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10
Q

The organizer and distributor of info

A

Brain

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11
Q

Three parts of the brain

A

Cerebrum (front)
cerebellum (back)
brainstem

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12
Q

functions of the Brainstem

A

involuntary movements (heart rate, breathing, digestion, swallowing)

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13
Q

functions of the Cerebrum

A

intelligence, learning, judgment
speech and memory
senses (hearing, vision, taste and smell)
skeletal muscle movement

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14
Q

functions of the Cerebrum

A

Balance and coordination

posture

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15
Q

channels signals between the brain and the rest of the body

A

Spinal cord

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16
Q

Nerve system that connects the organs to the limbs

A

PNS

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17
Q

command center of the body

A

Nervous system

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18
Q

the nervous system communicates by sending…

A

electrical impulses/signals

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19
Q

the endocrine system communicates by sending…

A

chemical messages in the blood (hormones)

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20
Q

nerve cells are also called

A

neurons

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21
Q

major component of the brain and spinal cord

A

neurons/nerve cells

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22
Q

neurons make up the nerves

A

yes

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23
Q

classification of neurons

A

Sensory
Interneuron
Motor

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24
Q

partes of a nerve cell

A

Dendrite
Cell body
Axon

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25
parts of a cell body
nucleus, Nissl bodies (production of proteins) neurofibrils
26
parts of an axon
Myelin sheath and Nodes | of Ranvier
27
how does the transfer impulses between neurons work?
Axon --> Synapse --> Dendrite axon terminal releases neurotransmitter - message jumps in the space between neurons - received by dendrite
28
a chemical messenger that carries, boosts, and balances signals between neurons (also known as nerve cells)
Neurotransmitter
29
the body's way of maintaining balance to prevent diseases despite constant external/internal changes
homeostasis
30
compinents of homestasis
change receptor control center effector
31
Anything that requires the cell to react (stimulus).
change
32
Detects the change and alerts the proper control center (brainstem)
receptor
33
acts on the decision of the control center to counteract the change (organs)
effector
34
when one substance goes up, another substance is released to counter the change
negative feedback loop
35
inability to balance the internal environment which results to diseases
homeostatic imbalances
36
examples of homeostatic imbalances
heart failure anemia pneumonia athlete's foot
37
nervous system vs endocrine system
nervous: fast, impulses, localized endocrine: slow, hormones, widespread
38
Chemical messengers secreted directly into the blood which affect growth and development
hormones
39
pituitary
base of the brain oxytocin, vasopressin, LH, FSH (growth/other glands)
40
thyroid
below voice box thyroxin, calcitonin (metabolism)
41
parathyroid
in the neck parathormone (calcium bones)
42
thymus
front of heart thymosin (antibodies)
43
adrenal
top of kidneys adrenaline
44
pancreas
between the kidneys insulin
45
reproductive
testes ovaries androgen, testosterone oestrogen and progesterone
46
the "master gland"
pituitary gland
47
hormonal imbalances
Dwarfism Gigantism (acromegaly) goiter (iodine deficiency)
48
produces sperm cells
testes
49
sac of skin which regulates temperature and protects the testes
scortum
50
head of a sperm cell
stores genetic material
51
neck of a sperm
provides energy
52
tail
gives motility
53
gonads which produce ovum (egg cell)
ovaries
54
sweeps away ovum through tiny finger-like projections
fallopian tubes
55
Female copulatory organ which | transfers the sperm
vagina
56
what can hurt like childbirth?
broken bones, kidney stones, root canals
57
takes 28 days
menstrual cycle
58
first menstruation
menarche
59
complete stop of menstruation
menopause
60
the ovarian cycle
Pituitary gland increases production of FSH to make ovarian follicle mature (secretion of estrogen). LH and FSH are secreted, resulting to the mature ovum (ovulation). On the 14th day of the menstrual cycle, egg will be possible for fertilization within 24 hours. Cells from the ruptured follicle will turn to corpus luteum. Corpus luteum produces estrogen and progesterone.
61
the uterine cycle
Estrogen and progesterone enable uterine lining to thicken to ready for implantation. If pregnancy does not occur, corpus luteum stays from the 16th to 27th day . After 12 days, estrogen and progesterone levels will decline, causing the thick uterine lining to breakdown. On the 28th day, the broken down uterine lining and blood will be discharged (menstruation).
62
OVARIAN --> MENSTRUAL --> UTERINE
yes

Science 10 (2 decks)

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