3L6 Recognize Departure Conflicts

Question 1

Overtake

Answer 1

An overtake situation occurs when 2 or more departures are on the same track, but a successive aircraft is of higher performance

Question 2

Crossover

Answer 2

A crossover situation occurs when 2 or more departures are on different tracks, but the successive aircraft is of higher performance and on a track that will require it to be turned farther than the previous, lower performance aircraft

Question 3

EXCDS information to determine if there is an overtake situation

Answer 3

-Route
-Aircraft type and filed speed
-Filed altitude
-Tower turn requests
-CSiT (watch the targets to determine if things are playing out as you expected)

Question 4

SMGCS

Answer 4

Surface Movement Guidance and Control System
-prime radar on top of CYWG Tower that displays all metal targets operating on the runways, taxiways and aprons
-departure controllers use SMGCS to determine when the next departure will become airborne

Question 5

During the departure phase of flight, what two variables can we change to suit our needs?

Answer 5

1) Aircraft’s forward speed in the climb
2) Aircraft’s rate of climb

*These are interrelated, if one goes up, the other goes down

Question 6

What to pay attention to, in order of importance, when identifying crossovers on EXCDS

Answer 6

1) Route
2) Filed speed and altitude
3) Tower turn request

Question 7

How can crossing runway crossovers occur?

Answer 7

• An aircraft may use the second runway due to operational requirements, priority (MEDEVAC) or to gain an operational advantage (shorter taxi, taxiway closures, etc.). The result may be a crossover situation. Normally the tower is supposed to depart traffic in accordance with direction of flight.
• Non-compliant departures in dual valid mode
• Runway changes may cause otherwise unintended crossovers during the
  transition

Question 8

When can Departure/Arrival conflicts occur off the STAR?

Answer 8

• Aircraft arriving under the gate system (8000 or below) will be routed via their flight planned route, which may be under a departure gate
• Priority traffic and weather deviations may be routed
  outside the gate structure
• Red Lake departures may utilize the CYRL DCT CYWG track

Question 9

West Low may verbally coordinate with DW/DE outside of the gate structure for: (3)

Answer 9

1) Emergencies
2) Weather deviations unable to join a STAR before the bedpost
3) Direct CYWG for aircraft that departed CYRL

• When TCU is combined to a single position, West Low may co-ordinate inbound emergency aircraft and CYRL departures outside of the GATE structure electronically using EXCDS (X)

Question 10

West Low will establish aircraft flight planned at 8000 ft ASL or below ________ and at 9000 ft ASL or above __________

Answer 10

1) On course
2) In the arrival gate closest to its route of flight

Question 11

When may West Low offer “on course” or “direct” for departures?

Answer 11

When there are no inbound aircraft in the arrival GATE encompassing the proposed departure track. The
arrival GATE must remain clear of inbound traffic until the departure is at least 35 NM from CYWG.

Question 12

For aircraft arriving on the Red Lake track, it is best practice for the Arrival controller to keep the aircraft on this track until _______

Answer 12

20 NM from CYWG. If a conflict will occur beyond that point, Arrival/Departure coordination will take place.

Question 13

Runway 18 and 13 Conflict Points (5)

Answer 13

1. NORAK arrivals will conflict with 18 departures crossing the STAR (ELVUX, PIDVI, RORMA). Runway 13 departures will have all the same conflicts as well as the Norway House tracks.
2. BEFAN arrivals will conflict with 18 departures crossing the STAR (KERBI, MODUL, ALKOG, LIVBI). Runway 13 departures will conflict with typically ALKOG and LIVBI tracks. KERBI and MODUL will normally be left turns.
3. KELTO and AMBIL arrivals will conflict with 18 and 13 low to mid performance departures that cross these 2 STARs enroute to the Norway house gate.
4. PEPNO arrivals will conflict with 18 and 13 departures that cross this track (which is potentially all departures).
5. RED LAKE TRACK arrivals can conflict with 13 departures on ELVUX, KERBI, or MODUL routes. Conflicts with Runway 18 departures are less frequent.

Question 14

Runway 31 and 36 Conflict Points (6)

Answer 14

1. KELTO arrivals will conflict with 36 departures crossing the STAR (ELVUX, PIDVI, RORMA, OMLOT, and ELETO). Runway 31 departures will have all the same conflicts except for ELETO as a left turn is usually employed
2. AMBIL arrivals will conflict with 36 departures crossing the STAR (ALKOG, LIVBI, GOSAR, KAVKI).
3. BEFAN arrivals will conflict with 36 and 31 departures crossing the STAR (GOSAR, KAVKI, ELETO [31 only]).
4. NORAK arrivals will conflict with low performance 36 departures tracking to ELETO and OMLOT tracks.
5. RED LAKE TRACK arrivals can conflict with 36 and 31 departures on or crossing that line (PIDVI, RORMA, OMLOT, ELETO [36 only])
6. Generally, the KERBI and MODUL tracks are free of arrival/departure conflicts, but on occasion, the Norway House gate is coordinated for priority arrivals (MEDEVAC).

Question 15

All CYWG missed approach altitudes are _______

Answer 15

-3000 (some aircraft may increase altitude due to cold temperature correction)

Question 16

Overflights higher than 8000 ft will:

Answer 16

Enter via an arrival gate and leave via a departure gate, regardless of flight planned route. Normally coordination will take place to keep the aircraft on their route

Question 17

All overflights are the responsibility of ________

Answer 17

The departure controller

Question 18

How does headwind affect departure performance?

Answer 18

-Reduces ground speed
-Increases the angle of climb (not rate of climb)

Question 19

How does air density affect departure performance?

Answer 19

-The higher the air density, the better an aircraft will perform, both in terms of ground speed and rates of climb
-Aircraft perform best in cold, dry conditions

Question 20

Noise Abatement Departure Procedures (NADP)

Answer 20

NADP are designed to minimize the environmental impact of departing aircraft without compromising safety. Typically, operators require two procedures:
one to minimize close-in noise (NADP1), the other to minimize noise over a more distant noise-sensitive area (NADP2).

Question 21

NADP Requirements at CYWG

Answer 21

RWY 13,18, and 36: NADP 1 or 2
RWY 31: No requirement to fly an NADP

Question 22

NADP 1 vs NADP 2

Answer 22

-NADP 1: involves a power reduction upon reaching
a minimum altitude. The aircraft will have less than expected initial forward speed performance
NADP 2: pilot initiates a steadier climb to minimize noise to an outlying area

Question 23

Winnipeg Terminal Departure/Departure Conflict Best Practices

Answer 23

• Resolve overtake conflicts prior to 20 NM from the airport.
• Resolve crossovers in Departure airspace as quickly as possible.
• Use positive separation techniques at all times (interim altitudes, diverging headings). You want to ensure that aircraft will remain separated in the event of a communications failure.

Question 24

Winnipeg Terminal Arrival/Departure Conflict Best Practices

Answer 24

• Establish departure aircraft on course as quickly as possible
• Minimize the amount of time that a departure has to remain in level flight

Question 25

Typical priorities for initial clearances depending on aircraft type

Answer 25

Jet- a small off-course climb is acceptable, however once you venture more than 5 miles off course it is likely inefficient
Turboprop- the priority leans more towards ensuring the aircraft is established on course
Props / low performance aircraft- the solution is almost always to level and establish on course

Question 26

Pros and cons of on-course routing versus an early climb clearance

Answer 26

Pros
-More direct route to initial
fix
-Less time focused on managing a lateral pass
(less chance of tunnel vision)

Cons
-Aircraft will be put on converging routes; attention
required to ensure aircraft adhere to altitude clearance
-Must pass traffic

Question 27

Pros and cons of early climb clearance versus on-course routing

Answer 27

Pros
-No traffic to pass
-Minimized risk of aircraft blowing an altitude
-Quick climb to altitude (fuel efficient)

Cons
-Potential for going too far off course
-May cause new conflicts with subsequent arrivals on the
same track
-Once you give up 6000, any other solutions other than
lateral will need to be coordinated
-Usually requires more monitoring and a timely turn
once separation has been established