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3F Flashcards

1
Q

is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and
not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

A

HEALTH BY WHO (1948)

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2
Q

conceptualized health as the ability to
maintain normal roles.

A

Talbots Parsons (1951)

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3
Q

defined health as a
dynamic state of being in which developmental and behavioral
potential of an individual is realized to the fullest extent possible.

A

AMERICAN NURSE ASSOCIATION (ANA

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4
Q

suggest that for many people, conditions
of life rather than pathological states are what define health.

A

Lender Et Al. (2006)

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5
Q

2 Health Behaviors

A
  1. Negative health behavior
  2. Positive Health Behavior
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6
Q

are activities related to maintaining,
attaining or regaining good health and preventing illness.

A

Positive health behaviors

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7
Q
  • are practices actually or potentially
    harmful to one’s health.
A

Negative health behaviors

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8
Q

Sleeping early for 8hrs-10hrs,
immunization to protect the body from diseases,
eating fruits and vegetables.

A

POSITIVE

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9
Q

smoking and drinking alcohol,
taking harmful or prohibited drugs, consuming
unhealthy foods

A

NEGATIVE

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10
Q

is the inability of an individual’s adaptive responses to maintain
physical and emotional balance that subsequently results in an
impairment of functional abilities.

A

ILLNESS

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11
Q

• involves ways an individual describes, monitors, and interprets
the symptoms, take remedial actions and use health care
systems.

A

ILLNESS BEHAVIOR

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12
Q

In other words, it is how people react, manage and perceive to be
ill

A

ILNESS BEHAVIOR

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13
Q

• is the quality or state of being in good health especially as an
actively sought goal.

A

WELLNESS

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14
Q

is the ability to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of
specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.

A

IMMUNITY

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15
Q

o characterized by severe symptoms of relatively
short period of time, usually reversible

A

ACUTE

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16
Q

appear abruptly and subsides quickly
o fever, cough, colds, diarrhea etc.

A

ACUTE

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17
Q

gradual, that lasts a long time, irreversible
o usually, 6 months or longer
o cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, arthritis

A

CHRONIC

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18
Q

Stages of illness

A

According to Suchman 1979
Stages
1: symptom experience
2: assumption of the sick role
3. Medical Care Contact
4: Dependent client role
5: Recovery of Rehabilitation

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19
Q

The person is aware that something is wrong
• Recognizing one or more symptoms such as fever, rashes,
pain etc.

A

Stage 1: Symptoms experience

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20
Q

• If symptoms persist and become sever, the person assume the
sick role
• Sick people seek validation from family and social group.

A

Stage 2: Assumption of the sick role

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21
Q

The sick person seeks out health care provider for diagnosis
and treatment.
• May give up independence.

A

Stage 3: Medical Care Contact

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22
Q

The client depends on the health care professions for the relief
of symptoms.
• Requires assistance in carrying out the activities of daily living;
needs emotional support.

A

Stage 4: Depended of client role

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23
Q

The client may return to health at a higher level of functioning,
• Resumes normal activities and responsibilities.

A

Stage 5: recovery or rehabilitation

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24
Q

3 Factors of the impact of illness to the client and the family

A

Member who is ill
Seriousness and level of illness
Cultural and social customs of the family

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25
Q

o Behavioral and emotional changes
o Changes in self-concept and body image
o Lifestyle changes

A

On Client

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26
Q

o Role changes
o Task reassignments and extra demands on time
o Increased stress and conflict
o Financial problems
o Loneliness
o Change on social customs

A

On Family

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27
Q

Six links in the chain of infection

A
  1. Susceptible host
  2. Portal of entry
  3. Mode of transmission
  4. Pathogen
  5. Reservoir
  6. Portal of exit
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28
Q

4 Susceptible Host

A

Elderly
Infants
Immunocompromised
ANYONE

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29
Q

4 portal of entry

A

Mouth
Nose
Eyes
Cult in skin

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30
Q

3 more of transmission

A

Indirect contact
Direct contact
Vectors

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31
Q

4 Pathogens

A

Bacteria
Virus
Fungi
Parasite

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32
Q

5 reservoir

A

People
Soil
Water
Food
Animals

33
Q

Portal of exit

A

Feces
Sneezing/ Coughing
Bodily secretions

34
Q

Break or distrust the chain at any link in a healthcare settings

A

• Rapid an accurate diagnosis of an infectious disease
• Prompt treatment of infected clients
• Safe disposal of waste
• Sterilization and disinfection of medical equipment
• Implementation of an environmental decontamination strategy

35
Q

LEVELS OF PREVENTIVE CARE

A

Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention

36
Q

o occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or
irreversible.
o involves minimizing the effects of long-term disease
or disability by interventions directed at preventing
complications and deterioration.

A

Tertiary prevention

37
Q

o occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or
irreversible.
o involves minimizing the effects of long-term disease
or disability by interventions directed at preventing
complications and deterioration.

A

Tertiary prevention

38
Q

A prevention to seeks to prevent a disease or condition
o applied to clients considered physically and
emotionally healthy.

A

Primary prevention

39
Q

What prevention.

focuses on individuals experiencing health problems
or illnesses and are risk for developing complications
or worsening conditions.

A

Secondary prevention

40
Q

Under primary prevention

A

Health promotion
Specific protection

41
Q

Under primary prevention

A

Health promotion
Specific protection

42
Q

o Health education programs
o Immunizations
o Nutritional programs
o Physical fitness activities

A

Health promotion

43
Q

o Immunization for influenza
o Hearing protection in occupational settings
o Use of seatbelts and bike helmets
o Control on the use of hazardous products

A

Specific protection

44
Q

Under secondary prevention

A

Early diagnosis and prompt treatment
Disability limitations

45
Q

Under tertiary prevention

A

Restoration and rehabilitation

46
Q

OLOF stands for?

A

Optimum level of functioning

47
Q

o Provision of hospital & community facilities for
retraining and education to maximize use of
remaining capacities. (Use of wheelchair and perform
ADLs independently for a stroke victim
o The goal of returning inidividualk to OLOF (Optimum
Level of Functioning)

A

Restoration and rehabilitation

48
Q

Under tertiary prevention

A

Active
Passive (acquired)

49
Q

Antibodies are produced by the body in
response to an antigen.

A

Active

50
Q

Antigen are administered to stimulate
antibody production (vaccines/toxoids)

A

Active (artificial)

51
Q

Antibodies are formed in the presence of
active infection in the body.

A

Active (natural)

52
Q

Antibodies are transferred naturally from
an immune mother to her baby through
the placenta or in the colostrum (milk).

A

Passive (natural)

53
Q

Immune serum antibody from an animal
or another human is injected

A

Passive (artificial)

54
Q

Antibodies are produced by another
source animal or human.

A

Passive

55
Q

wellness is an integrated
method of functioning which is oriented towards maximizing the
potential of which the individual is capable.

A

Dunn’s high level of wellness grid

56
Q

Peak wellness
Not favorable environment

A

Emergent high level wellness

57
Q

Death
Not favorable environment

A

Poor health

58
Q

To Death
Very Favorable environment

A

Protected poor health

59
Q

Very favorable environment
Peak wellness

A

High level wellness

60
Q

a graphical
illustration of well – being concept first proposed by Travis. It
proposes the well – being includes mental and emotional
health, as well as the presence or absence of illness.

A

Travis’ illness - wellness continuum

61
Q

High level wellness by Travis

A

Awareness
Education
Growth

62
Q

a physiological model that
attempts to explain and predict health behaviors.

A

Health belief model

63
Q

human needs
ranked on an ascending scale according to how essential the
needs are: Physiological Needs, Safety and Security, Love
and Belongingness, Self Esteem, and Self-Actualization.

A

Maskow’s Hierarchy of need

64
Q

Ascending order of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

A

Physiological
Safety
Love/belonging
Esteem
Self actualization

65
Q

o each factor constantly interacts with the others
o when in balance, health is maintained
o when not in balance, disease occurs
o used primarily in predicting illness rather than
promoting wellness.
o model is composed of three dynamic, interactive
elements.

A

Agent- Host environmental model

66
Q

External or internal factor or stressor that by its presence or absence

A

Agent

67
Q

Person who may be at risk at acquiring diseases

A

Host

68
Q

External factors that make illness more or less likely

A

Environment

69
Q

Climate, living conditions, sound high level, and economic level

A

Physical environment

70
Q

Interactions with others and life events such as death of spouse. Stress, or conflicts

A

Social environment

71
Q

people are viewed as physiological systems
with related functions. Health is identified by the absence of signs
& symptoms of disease or injury.

A

Clinical model

72
Q

health is a creative process; disease is a
failure in adaptation. Aim of treatment is to restore ability of a
person to adapt and cope. Extreme good health is flexible
adaptation to the environment and interaction with environment
to maximum advantage. Focus is stability along with growth and change

A

Adaptive model

73
Q

health is the ability to do societal
roles. People are considered healthy if they can fulfill their
roles even if they have clinical illness. Sickness in this model
is the inability to perform one’s work role.

A

Role performance model

74
Q

considers emotional, spiritual, and
other dimensions to be important aspects of physical
wellness. This model attempt to create conditions that
promote a patient’s optimal level of health. Using the nursing
process, nurses consider patients to be the ultimate experts
concerning their own health and respect patient’s subjective
experience.

A

Holistic health model

75
Q

9 models of health and wellness

A
  1. Dunn’s high level wellness grid
  2. Travis’ illness-wellness continuum
  3. Health belief model
  4. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
  5. Clinical model
  6. Adaptive model
  7. Agent- host environmental model
  8. Role performance model
  9. Holistic health model
76
Q

WHAT ARE THE FACTORS INFLUENCING HEALTH STATUS, BELIEFS & PRACTICES

A

Internal and external variables

77
Q

Under internal variables

A

o Biologic Dimension – genetic make – up, sex, age,
and developmental level
o Psychological Dimension – mind-body
interactions and self-concept
o Cognitive Dimension – lifestyle choices, spiritual
and religious beliefs.

78
Q

Under external variables

A

o Physical Environment
o Standards of living
o Family and Cultural Beliefs
o Social Support Networks

TFN (1 decks)

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