3D151 Volume 1 unit 1 Flashcards
How many bits does it take to make 1 byte ?
8 bits
What is the bootstrap loader? What does it do ?
It’s single function is to load the OS into memory and allows it to begin operation. It sets up the division of memory that holds the OS, user info, and applications
What is volatile
Data content are lost when power is removed
What is Nonvolatile
Data is retained after power is removed
What is memory addressing
When the computer finds the data or specific byte its looking for in memory
What is complementary metal-oxide semiconductor memory (CMOS) ?
It’s a memory chip that stores configuration information about the computer and is used by the BIOS every time the system is booted up
What is Read only memory (ROM)
It is nonvolatile which means it’s content isn’t lost when power is removed
What is programmable read-only memory (PROM)
A blank ROM chip in which you can place items permanently
What is electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM)
A chip that allows a programmer to erase the microcode on it
What is flash memory
Type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and re-programmed
What is Radom access memory (RAM)
It’s a temporary electrical storage space that holds program instructions and program data. It can read and write and is volatile
What is buffering ?
The main goal of buffers is to temporary hold data used by some type of hardware device until the device is ready to use the data
What is interrupt request (IRQ) ?
Occurs when a data processing component or device requests prompt service from the CPU
What is data integrity
A term used to describe that the data is whole or complete
What is parity
A technique or method of checking whether data has been lost or written over when it’s moved from one place in storage to another or when transmitted between computers
What is error correction code (ECC)
The difference between parity and ECC is that ECC can both detect and correct errors
What is print queue
Temporary storage location for files waiting to be printed
What is print spoiling
A document that is stored on HD or larger storage so it can be processed at more convenient time
What is Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)
Web browser and is a graphical interface and text
HTTP 80
HTTPS 443
HTTP PROXY 8080
What is Telnet
It’s an application and not a web browser. It can only display it’s information in text
Port 23
What is the difference between an OS and a operational environment ?
The operating environment can’t run by itself, it is dependent on the OS for resource allocation
What are the operating system task ?
1 computer BIOS conducted the POST
2 went to the bootstrap loader
3 last the bootstrap loaded the OS at its simplest form
What two things does the OS do at its simplest form ?
It manages the hardware and software resources (processor, memory, disk drives, sound cards etc of the computer system.
What are the 6 task the OS can be broken down to ?
1 processor management 2 memory management 3 device management 4 storage management 5 application management 6 user interface
