3C. Reproduction & Genetics Flashcards
Name the male sex cell in an animal.
Sperm
Name the female sex cell in an animal.
Egg
Where are sperm made?
Testes
Where are eggs made?
Ovaries
Name of the female sex cell in plants.
Ovule
Name of the male sex cell in plants.
Pollen
What is pollination?
Movement of pollen from the anther to the stigma.
State two ways pollination can take place.
Wind, insect, bird
What is another term for gametes?
Sex cells
Name the cell formed immediately after fertilisation.
Zygote
What is fertilisation?
When the male gamete nucleus fuses with the female gamete nucleus.
What name is given to cells with 1 set of chromosomes?
Haploid
What name is given to cells with 2 sets of chromosomes?
Diploid
What term is used to describe reproduction without gametes so only needs one parent?
Asexual reproduction
How many sets of chromosomes does a haploid cell have?
One
How many sets of chromosomes does a diploid cell have?
Two
Give an advantage of sexual reproduction.
variation
Give an advantage of asexual reproduction.
Faster
What name is given to a section of DNA that codes for a particular protein or characteristic?
A gene
Name of the structure that carries genetic information in a molecule called DNA.
Chromosome.
What do we call different forms of the same gene?
Allele
What is the scientific term for the physical appearnace of a characteristic? e.g. brown eyes
Phenotype
Description of an allele that is only expressed if they are both present e.g. bb
Recessive
Description of an allele that is expressed even if only one is present e.g. Bb
Dominant
The combination of alleles inherited from parents e.g. BB or Bb or bb
Genotype
Both alleles are the same e.g. BB or bb
Homozygous
Alleles are different e.g. Bb
Heterozygous
Where pollen is produced in a plant.
Anther
Where pollen lands on a plant during pollination.
Stigma
Allows sperm to leave the male body.
Penis
Receives sperm in the female body.
Vagina
