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3A > 3A Psych > Flashcards

3A Psych Flashcards

1
Q

Mental state exam word

A

ASEPTIC

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2
Q

A septic

A

Appearance and behaviour
(hygiene, clothes, weight, posture)
(fidgeting, shy, agitated, eye contact)

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3
Q

a S eptic

A

Speech
(rate, rhythm, tone, volume)

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4
Q

as E ptic

A

Emotion
(Mood)
(Affect observable emotion over a chat)

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5
Q

ase P tic

A

Perception
(hallucination, illusions, paranoia, depersonalisation, derealisation)

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6
Q

asep T ic

A

Thoughts
(Form, content, possession)

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7
Q

asept I c

A

Insight
(are they aware they have a problem, do they think it needs treating)

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8
Q

asepti C

A

Cognition
(Orientation to time, place, person)

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9
Q

Organic vs non organic

A

Organic = observable on a scan e.g. on a CT seeing a tumour or dementia
Non organic = not observable

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10
Q

How do SSRIs work

A

Inhibit the reuptake of serotonin from
presynaptic serotonin pumps

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11
Q

2 SSRIs

A

sertraline
Fluoxetine for under 18s

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12
Q

SSRIs used for

A

Depression, anxiety, OCD

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13
Q

side effects SSRIs

A

GI symptoms, anxiety/agitation, insomnia,
sweating, sex (anorgasmia)
suicide

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14
Q

withdrawal SSRI symptoms

A

dizziness, headache, tremor, agitation, GI issues

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15
Q

SNRI mechanism

A

Presynaptic blockade of both noradrenaline and serotonin reuptake pumps
(in high doses also blocks dopamine reuptake);
low effects on muscarinic,
histaminergic and alpha-adrenergic receptors.

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16
Q

2 SNRIs

A

Venlafaxine, duloxetine

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17
Q

SNRI conditions

A

depression + anxiety

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18
Q

Side effects SNRI

A

Dizziness, dry mouth, constipation, hot flushes

19
Q

Tricyclic Antidepressants
example

A

Amitriptyline

20
Q

tricyclic used for

A

depression, anxiety, OCD, (chronic pain)

21
Q

Tricyclic mechanism

A

Blockade of both noradrenaline and serotonin reuptake pumps (also dopamine to a small extent). Muscarinic, histaminergic, alpha-adrenergic.

22
Q

Tricyclic side effects

A

Anticholinergic effects (muscarinic receptor block): dry mouth, constipation,
blurred vision, urinary retention

Antiadrenergic effects: postural hypotension (dizziness and syncope)

Antihistaminergic effects: sedation and weight gain

Overdose

23
Q

NaSSAs example
(Noradrenergic and Specific Serotonergic Antidepressants)

A

Mirtazapine

24
Q

NaSSAs mechanism
(Noradrenergic and Specific Serotonergic Antidepressants)

A

Presynaptic alpha2 blockage -> increased noradrenaline and
serotonin from presynaptic neurons; histamine antagonist

25
Q

NaSSAs used for
(Noradrenergic and Specific Serotonergic Antidepressants)

A

depression, anxiety

26
Q

NaSSAs
(Noradrenergic and Specific Serotonergic Antidepressants)

A

sedation and weight gain

27
Q

MAOI mechanism
(Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)

A

Inhibit enzyme Monoamine oxidase A & B

28
Q

MAOI side effects
(Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)

A

overdose risk
tyramine cheese reaction (hypertensive crisis)

29
Q

MAOI used for
(Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)

A

depression

30
Q

For depression drug order

A

SSRI
different SSRI
SNRI

31
Q

Lithium used for

A

Mania
Mood stabiliser

32
Q

Who can you not give lithium

A

Preggo women as TERATOGENIC

33
Q

What do you need to do for people on lithium

A

Monitoring
Baselines
weekly then every 3 months

34
Q

Lithium side effects

A

polyuria, polydipsia, weight gain, oedema, fine tremor

coarse tremor, ECG changes (QT), arrhythmias, nystagmus
dysarthria, brisk reflexes, impaired consciousness

35
Q

Serotonin syndrome

A

Neuromuscular abnormalities
Altered mental state
Autonomic dysfunction

36
Q

Sodium valproate used for

A

mood stabiliser, anticonvulsant

37
Q

Who cant you give Sodium valproate to

A

women of childbearing age as highly TERATOGENIC

38
Q

Sodium Valproate side effects

A

weight gain, dizziness, hair loss, n+v, tremor, deranged LFT

39
Q

Benzodiazepines 2 examples

A

lorazepam (short acting), diazepam (longer acting)

40
Q

What are benzodiazepines used for

A

anxiety (short term in extreme cases only), mania, psychosis,
alcohol withdrawal, acute agitation/aggression

41
Q

Benzodiazepines mechanism

A

Bind to GABA receptor -> neuronal inhibition

42
Q

side effects Benzodiazepines

A

addictive, resp and CNS depressant effects (so avoid in certain cases)

43
Q

Z drugs used for and examples

A

zopiclone

insomnia / inducing sleep

Stimulate GABA receptor

44
Q
A

3A (3 decks)

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