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Anatomy > 3A Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

3A Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q
  • Associated w/ small blood vessels

* smooth muscle-like cells that surround blood vessels

A

PERICYTES

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2
Q
  • important component of certain secretory glands where they function to EXPEL SECRETIONS FROM GLANDULAR ACINI
  • assoc. with secretory cells of exocrine glands
A

MYOEPITHELIAL CELLS

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3
Q

Cells that have a contractile role in addition to being able to SECRETE COLLAGEN

A

MYOFIBROBLASTS

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4
Q

Exhibiting HIGHEST DEGREE OF CONTRACTILITY

A

Muscle cells (Myocytes; Myoid cells)

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5
Q

Muscle cells are derived from?

A

Mesoderm

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6
Q

Iris of the eye arises from?

A

Ectoderm

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7
Q

Striated muscle

A

Skeletal muscle

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8
Q

Composed of extremely elongated, multinucleate contractile cells, often described as MUSCLE FIBRES

A

Skeletal muscle

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9
Q

Skeletal muscles contains highly specialized stretch receptors known as?

A

Neuromuscular spindles

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10
Q

Visceral muscle

A

Smooth muscle

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11
Q

Muscle fiber is enveloped by what connective tissue

A

Endomysium

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12
Q

Muscle bundle (fascicle) are enveloped by what connective tissue

A

Perimysium

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13
Q

The whole muscle is enveloped by what connective tissue

A

Epimysium

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14
Q

Multi-nucleated (skeletal) because of the fusion of?

A

Myoblasts

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15
Q

Mononucleated muscle cell precursors

A

Myoblasts

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16
Q

Some myoblast become stem cell called?

A

Myosatellite cells

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17
Q

Responsible for the brownish color of the muscle and also functions as the oxygen binding protein

A

Myoglobin

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18
Q

What muscle tissue is this based on its nuclei?

Shape: oval
Orientation: longitudinal
Location: periphery of the cell near the sarcolemma

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

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19
Q

Sarcoplasm of this muscle tissue is EOSINOPHILIC

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

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20
Q

Regions of a myofibril:

Light band

A

I bands (Isotropic)

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21
Q

Regions of a myofibril:

Dark band; displays birefringence in polarized light

A

A bands (anisotropic)

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22
Q

Regions of a myofibril:

Dark transverse line that bisects the I band

A

Z band (zwischensheiben)

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23
Q

Regions of a myofibril:

Lighter mid-portion of the A band

A

H band (heller band)

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24
Q

Regions of a myofibril:

Dark stripe that further bisects the H band

A

M Line (mittelsheibe)

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25
* Smallest repetitive contractile apparatus | * Z-line to Z-line
Sarcomere
26
Part of the A band where thick filaments not overlapped by thin
H band
27
Region of thick filaments
A band
28
What are the (4) proteins of myofilaments
F-actin Tropomyosin Troponin Myosin
29
A type of myofilament that consist of myosin and spans the region of A band
Thick
30
Type of myofilament that consist of F-actin, Tropomyosin, and Troponin (skeletal)
Thin
31
* Principal protein component of thin filaments | * 15% of the total protein in the myofibril
F-actin
32
What are the (2) strands of F-actin
Globular strand and G-actin (soluble actin)
33
* Cover binding sites for in actin filaments | * Arranged along both sides of each actin filament
Troponin-Tropomyosin complex
34
* Principal protein component of thick filament | * 60% of the total protein in the myofibril
Myosin
35
274 myosin molecules comprise what filament? thick/thin
thick filament
36
Generally accepted explanation for the mechanism of muscle contraction
Sliding Filament Theory
37
Tubular invaginations of the plasmalemma
Transverse Tubules
38
Form anastomosing systems of tubes that surround the sarcomere
Transverse Tubules
39
* Connection or opening between two things that are normally diverging or branching, such as blood vessels * be linked by;
Anastomosing
40
Highly modified smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
41
Forms complex system of membrane-bound channels within the sarcomere
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
42
Capture and store calcium ions and its location is the junction of A- and I- bands
Terminal cisternae
43
Ensures instantaneous and simultaneous depolarization of s.r. in all sarcomere
T-tubules
44
Components of the triad:
* T-tubules | * pair of terminal cisternae of s.r
45
aka motor end plate or neuromuscular junction
Myoneural junction
46
3 main types of skeletal muscle fibers:
red, white, intermediate
47
slow-twitch muscle fiber
red
48
fast-twitch muscle fiber
white
49
example of a red muscle fiber
long muscle of the back
50
example of a white muscle fiber
extraocular muscles
51
muscle fiber that fatigue faster
white muscle fiber
52
muscles used for running (e.g. gastrocnemius) are primarily composed of what fibers?
white muscle fiber
53
monitoring of position of limbs and state of contraction
proprioception
54
a type of intrafusal fiber that has dilated central area
nuclear bag fibers
55
modified muscle fibers that are smaller and shorter than surrounding uscles
intrafusal fibers
56
a type of muscle tissue that has a nuclei of * 1-2 * pale-staining * oval * centrally-located
Cardiac muscle tissue
57
special junctional complexes where the terminal branches attached end-to end
intercalated discs
58
portion of the intercalated disc that runs parallel to the myofibrils
Lateral portion
59
Portion of the intercalated disc that prevents the separation of cells during contraction and forms two junctional complexes: fascia adherens and desmosomes
Transverse portion
60
a type of fibre that propagates electrical impulse that initiates cardiac contraction
purkinje fibers
61
a type of muscle tissue that has a nuclei of: * only one * oval * centrally located at the broadest part of the cell
smooth muscle tissue
62
acidophilic sarcoplasm
smooth muscle
63
T/F: Sarcolemma of smooth muscle does not form T-tubules
TRUE
64
type of muscle in which the thin filaments are composed of actin and tropomyosin onleh
smooth
65
ratio of thin to thick filaments in smooth muscle is
15:1
66
ratio of thin to thick filaments in skeletal muscle is
6:1
67
in smooth muscle contraction, calcium ions interact with what protein to form complexes in order to activate enzyme myosin light-chain kinase
calmodulin (ca-calmodulin complex)
68
in skeletal muscle, there is limited regenerative capacity because of the presence of what cells?
satellite cells
69
slow red fibres mainly rely on;
aerobic metabolism
70
fast white fibres predominantly use
anaerobic pathways
71
stain that demonstrates glycogen content
PAS stain
72
why is anaerobic (type II) muscle fibres darkly stained than aerobic (type I) when using PAS stain
because of their abundant glycogen content
73
wear and tear pigment
lipofuscin

Anatomy (5 decks)

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