3.9 Defintions

Question 1

Bronsted-lowry acid

Answer 1

Proton donors. These species release hydrogen ions in solution.

Question 2

Bronsted- Lowry base

Answer 2

Proton acceptors

Question 3

Buffer

Answer 3

A solution which is able to resist changes in pH when small volumes of acid or base are added.

Question 4

End point

Answer 4

The point during the titration when the indicator changes colour. A suitable indicator should change colour near the equivalence point (so should have a pH range within the pH change during the equivalence point).

Question 5

Hydrolysis

Answer 5

A reaction in which a molecule is broken down by its reaction with water.

Question 6

Indicator

Answer 6

Indicators are chemical solutions whose colour depends on the pH of the solution they are in.

Question 7

Ka

Answer 7

Acid dissociation constant

Question 8

Equation for Ka

Answer 8

Ka = [H+] [A-] / [HA]

Question 9

Kw

Answer 9

Ionic product of water

Question 10

Equation for Kw

Answer 10

Kw= [H+][OH-]

Question 11

pH

Answer 11

A value that represents the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

Question 12

pH equation

Answer 12

pH= -log[H+]
[H+]= 10-pH

Question 13

pH curve

Answer 13

A graph of pH against the volume of acid/base that is added to a solution. The curve usually has a vertical part which can be identified as the equivalence point.